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High-Strength Dissimilar Welds Between a NiTi Shape Memory Alloy and Titanium Obtained by Intermixing Niobium Using Pulsed Laser Beam Welding
(2023-11-17)
Joining of NiTi shape memory alloys with commercially pure titanium (Ti) is of great interest for manifold industrial applications. However, dissimilar fusion welding of these materials is associated with the formation of extremely brittle intermetallic compounds, e.g., Ti2Ni and TiNi3, which drastically limit the mechanical properties of NiTi/Ti joints. The present investigation seeks to improve both chemical compatibility and mechanical performance through intermixing of a niobium foil as filler material into a ...
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Molecular-frame photoelectron angular distributions during double core-hole generation in O₂ and N₂ molecules
(2023-09-15)
Angular distributions of photoelectrons emitted upon double core-hole (DCH) generation in nitrogen and oxygen molecules are studied theoretically in the frame of a molecular reference. The respective electronic structure calculations are performed by the single center method for photoelectron kinetic energies up to 40 eV in the relaxed-core Hartree–Fock approximation. The molecular frame photoelectron angular distributions are computed for single-site and two-site DCH creation processes and further analyzed for ...
Aufsatz
Suffizienz – Psychische Ressourcen – Transformation
(2023-08-07)
In diesem Beitrag wird ein Spannungsbogen aufgebaut, der von der aktuellen sozio-ökologischen Krise bis hin zur Coachingpraxis leiten soll. Nach einer Erörterung der Grundproblematik der derzeitigen Krise werden zentrale Konzepte der Nachhaltigkeitsforschung vorgestellt, die wichtig sind, um im Kontext Nachhaltigkeit sprechfähig zu sein. Sodann wird die spezifische Rolle von Unternehmen in der Agenda 2030 zu klären versucht. Darauf folgt eine Erörterung, wie Konzepte aus der Psychologie der nachhaltigen Entwicklung ...
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Anthropogenic and natural disturbances increase local genetic diversity in an early spring geophyte (Ficaria verna Huds)
(2023-12-26)
The tetraploid Ficaria verna is a common spring geophyte in central Europe and is considered invasive in the USA and Canada. It is considered an almost seed-sterile taxon, relying on vegetative reproduction by underground tubers and aerial bulbils. Recent studies have revealed high levels of population genetic diversity in F. verna, raising the question of how genetic diversity is maintained and which factors may be responsible for the observed patterns. Polymorphic nuclear microsatellite markers were established to ...
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Predicting Lifetime Suicide Attempts in a Community Sample of Adolescents Using Machine Learning Algorithms
(2023-04-24)
Suicide is a major global health concern and a prominent cause of death in adolescents. Previous research on suicide prediction has mainly focused on clinical or adult samples. To prevent suicides at an early stage, however, it is important to screen for risk factors in a community sample of adolescents. We compared the accuracy of logistic regressions, elastic net regressions, and gradient boosting machines in predicting suicide attempts by 17-year-olds in the Millennium Cohort Study (N = 7,347), combining a large ...
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Perfect apples or sustainable production?—Consumer perspectives from Germany
(2023-08-23)
In recent years, environmental problems, such as resource depletion and biodiversity loss, have come to the forefront of society's attention. Consumption of fruits and vegetables from extensive production systems could decrease food loss and increase biodiversity and more sustainable resource use. However, fruits and vegetables from extensive production systems are not always of perfect external quality, and hence, rejected by consumers. To increase acceptance of imperfect fruits, this study aims to better understand ...
Aufsatz
Electrostatic Body Forces and their Implications for Cracks
(2023-03-24)
A Griffith-type crack in a dielectric solid under electromechanical loading is investigated by numerically solving the combined boundary value problem. The focus is on the contribution of electrostatically induced body forces, coming along with the still controversially discussed Maxwell stress tensor, to the crack tip loading. A 1/r-singularity of compressive stress is found to evolve at the crack tip, however, just being dominant over the mechanically induced 1/√r-behavior within a very small region
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Impact of Ten Years Conservation Tillage in Organic Farming on Soil Physical Properties in a Loess Soil—Northern Hesse, Germany
(2023-01-04)
In conservation agriculture, conservation tillage potentially influences the physical, chemical, and biological quality of the soil. Although the effects of conservation agriculture on the soil’s physical properties have been studied in conventional management systems, studies on organic farming systems, especially concerning long-term changes, are scarce. This study summarizes the results of physical and mechanical soil parameters obtained over the initial 10 years of different conservation management treatments ...
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Personality traits and meat consumption: the mediating role of animal-related ethical concerns
(2023-01-04)
Prior research suggests that personality traits are associated with meat consumption. However, this association is not uniform across all types of meat. For instance, Big Five personality traits such as openness and agreeableness are negatively associated with red meat consumption but positively associated with fish. Using a large sample of Chilean university students (N = 1,149), we examined whether these differential meat consumption patterns can be explained by an intermediary variable of animal-related ethical ...
Aufsatz
Evaluation of hydraulic efficiency of lined irrigation channels - A case study from Punjab, Pakistan
(2023-04-04)
Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS) in Pakistan is the backbone of agriculture in the country. The IBIS provides irrigation support to agricultural lands across the country; however, hydraulic efficiency of the water conveyance system is impacted due to seepage losses. The lining of irrigation channels is considered a potential solution for improving hydraulic efficiency. Therefore, this study explores the impact of canal lining on the hydraulic efficiency of the canals in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Overall, ...