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Dairy Cows Are Limited in Their Ability to Increase Glucose Availability for Immune Function during Disease
(2023-03-12)
Simple Summary
Both immune defense and milk synthesis require large amounts of energy, particularly from glucose, resulting in competition between these functions if glucose availability is limited. Based on comprehensive data on cow nutrient intake and on cow health records, the magnitudes and dynamics of glucose and energy balances of dairy cows kept on an experimental farm were evaluated in the weeks before, of, and after a production disease was diagnosed. Because dry matter intake (DMI) decreased during the ...
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Improving Prospective Teachers’ Beliefs About a Double Discontinuity Between School Mathematics and University Mathematics
(2022-05-12)
Prospective teachers often perceive a “double discontinuity” between school mathematics and university mathematics. The first discontinuity can be described as the belief that there is no coherence between school mathematics and university mathematics, which forms part of the notoriously problematic transition from school to university. The second discontinuity can be described as a belief about the lack of relevance of university mathematics for the later professional practice of prospective teachers. Beliefs about ...
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Tailoring flow behavior and heat transfer in tempering channels for high-pressure die casting—analysis of potentials of commercial static mixers and prospects of additive manufacturing
(2023-02-16)
Additive manufacturing (AM) opens up manifold possibilities to influence the heat transfer between fluid and die in high-pressure die casting (HPDC), eventually allowing to minimize the total cycle time of the process. AM already has been exploited to establish near-contour temperature control systems in industrial applications. However, AM not only allows to influence the position of tempering channels in dies but it also allows to influence the fluid dynamics itself, e.g., by imprinted static mixers. Up to now, ...
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Numerical simulation of viscoelastic fluid-structure interaction benchmarks and their application to the human eye
(2022-10-11)
We present a numerical solution method for time-dependent viscoelastic fluid–structure interaction employing the arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian framework. The derived monolithic variational formulation is discretized in time using the shifted Crank–Nicolson scheme and in space using the finite element method. For the linearisation we employ Newton’s method with exact Jacobians. The viscoelastic fluid is modelled either using the Oldroyd-B or a Burgers-type model. The elastic structures are non-linear hyperelastic ...
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Weathering of a Polyurethane-Based Gel Electrolyte
(2023-03-14)
A recently described flexible polyurethane electrolyte was artificially weathered at 25/50 °C and 50% r.h. in air and at 25 °C in a dry nitrogen atmosphere, each with and without UV irradiation. Different formulations and the polymer matrix, used as a reference, were weathered in order to investigate the influence of the amount of conductive lithium salt and the solvent propylene carbonate. The complete loss of the solvent at a standard climate was already observed after a few days, strongly influencing the ...
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Multisite and Multitemporal Grassland Yield Estimation Using UAV-Borne Hyperspectral Data
(2022-04-26)
Grassland ecosystems can be hotspots of biodiversity and act as carbon sinks while at the same time providing the basis of forage production for ruminants in dairy and meat production. Annual grassland dry matter yield (DMY) is one of the most important agronomic parameters reflecting differences in usage intensity such as number of harvests and fertilization. Current methods for grassland DMY estimation are labor-intensive and prone to error due to small sample size. With the advent of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) ...
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Description and prediction of copper contents in soils using different modeling approaches - Results of long-term monitoring of soils of northern Germany
(2022-10-03)
Background: Different regression approaches may be useful to predict dynamics of copper (Cu), an essential element for plants and microorganisms that becomes toxic at increased contents, in soils. //
Aim: Our objective was to explore the usefulness of mixed-effects modeling and rule-based models for a description and prediction of Cu contents in aqua regia (CuAR) in surface soils using site, pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) as predictors. //
Methods: Three sites in northern ...
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A Comparative Analysis of Residential Care: A Five-Country Multiple Case-Design Study
(2021-12-13)
Background
Despite a global policy push toward the advancement of family- and community-based care, residential care for children and youth remains a relevant and highly utilized out-of-home care option in many countries, fulfilling functions of care and accommodation as well as education and treatment.
Objective
As part of a larger project involving five European countries (Finland, Germany, Italy, Lithuania, and Spain), the objective was “to map” the context and content of residential care in each country, thereby ...
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An extendable key space integer image-cipher using 4-bit piece-wise linear cat map
(2022-09-30)
This paper presents a multiplierless image-cipher, with extendable 2048-bit key-space, based on a 4-dimensional (4D) quantized piece-wise linear cat map (PWLCM). The quantized PWLCM exhibits limit-cycles of 4-bit encoded integers with periods greater than 10⁷. The synthesis of the PWLCM in a finite state space allows to eliminate the undesirable finite precision effect due to the hardware realization. The proposed image-cipher combines chaos, modular arithmetic, and lattice-based cryptography to encrypt a color image ...
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Data Driven prediction of forced nonlinear vibrations using stabilised Autoregressive Neural Networks
(2023-03-24)
In this work, we propose a novel approach to the data-driven prediction of vibration responses of nonlinear systems. The main idea is based on Autoregressive Neural Networks (ARNN) to model the nonlinear transfer behaviour between an external excitation and the system response. We propose an autoregressive network architecture with embedded symmetry using bias-free tanh activation and guarantee Input-to-State-Stability (ISS) by enforcing a special penalty term to the weights. The resulting training procedure is ...