Suche
Anzeige der Dokumente 11-20 von 34
Working paper
The Computing Boom in the U.S. Aeronautical Industry, 1945–1965
(2023-05-15)
Whereas standard accounts on the history of modern computing tell the development of the digital computer as an isolated event on the East Coast of the U.S., this paper will show the history of machine computing in the context of the broad and rapid development of aeronautical weapons in the U.S. military since 1945. Analogue computing plays an important role that is nearly completely ignored by standard accounts. The extensive literature on the history of electronic digital computers does not take into account the ...
Working paper
Gold Mining (artisanal gold mining): Is it an engine of development in Mauritania?
(2023)
• In 2021, Mauritania exported approximately 13 million tons of iron, 20% of which was bound for Western Europe.
• The economic structure of this country is increasingly rent based.
• The extractive sector does not act as a catalyst for the country's development. Its contribution to poverty reduc-tion remains insignificant.
• Poverty remains a significant feature of the country, ranking 157th out of 189 according to the Human Development Index in 2020.
Working paper
Digitalisierung der hessischen Arbeitswelt
(2023-07)
In diesem Papier werden im Folgenden zunächst die Rahmenbedingungen in Form der digitalen Infrastrukturen sowie der Status Quo der (technischen) Digitalisierung am Arbeitsplatz dargestellt (Kapitel 2). Anschließend werden zentrale Herausforderungen technischer Art, von der IT-Sicherheit bis zur Produktsicherheit, aufgegriffen (Kapitel 3). Kapitel 4 geht dann zunächst auf die Struktur und den Stand der (digitalen) Wirtschaft ein, wobei regionale Unterschiede und Potenziale mit aufgegriffen werden. Daran schließt sich ...
Working paper
Petropolitics
(2023)
• The dominant trend was that oil and natural gas were first and foremost a matter of market mechanisms and competition rules, even if they interacted with politics and geopolitics.
• The WTO persisted in treating hydrocarbons as commodities like any other, ignoring both their commons character and their impact on the environment and climate.
• The conflict in Ukraine has caused an upheaval. Within a few months, Europe faced a serious threat of energy shortages.
• In a few months, the rehabilitation of coal and ...
Working paper
Authoritarian escalation in Peru : Extractivism, racial discrimination and democracy
(2023-06-23)
•The current political crisis in Peru manifests long-standing social discontent over historical ethnic, class and environmentalinequalities that are largely created and supported by the extractivist model.
•Traditionally, extractivism has developed in the country in a localized authoritarian manner. Emergency decreessuspending fundamental rights and guarantees and opening spaces for the disproportionate use of public force happenedonly in particular zones of social conflict.
•Extractivism has imposed itself within ...
Working paper
Die Verkehrspolitik der DDR
(2023-03-15)
Der Traum der Staatssozialisten von großen LKW-Flotten konnte in den 1950er Jahren nicht in die Realität überführt werden. Die erwarteten Gewinne an Produktivität stellten sich wegen zahlreicher Hindernisse nicht ein. Während das westliche Management in den 1980er Jahren die notwendigen Bedingungen für das Outsourcing von Transportdienstleistungen sorgfältig erkundete, besaßen die staatssozialistischen Planer keine Idee von Geschäftsprozessen, welche Produktion und Transport verbanden. Neben unzulänglichen ...
Working paper
The Shoe Factory Bata
(2023-08-18)
The paper focuses on the managerial aspects of the loosely coupled units in Bata's shoe factory in Zlin as a precursor of lean production that was forgotten. The Bata factory plant in Zlín, Moravia, was built in the avant-garde style of modernism and grew rapidly in the 1920s. Comparable to Henry Ford, Bata pursued a concept of social engineering. He expanded the factory complex in Zlín to include housing for the workers, sports facilities, educational institutions and a self–service department store.
The Bata factory ...
Working paper
Energy Transition – Quo Vadis
(2023-02)
- Extractivism has shaped Ecuador for the last half century.
- The Yasuní initiative aimed at leaving about one fifth of Ecuador’s oil reserves underground
- Poor handling of the Ecuadorian government and the international community let it falter and finally fade
- Energy transition towards renewable energy sources might provide a new scenario in which supply side policies such
as leaving fossil fuels underground and fossil fuel non proliferation treaties might be (re --)tested
Working paper
Argentina in the context of the global socioenvironmental crisis
(2023-07-26)
• Agro-extractivism has shaped the productive matrix during the last four decades in Argentina.
• Agro-extractivism not only does not satisfy the population's food demand, but also deepens the socio-environmental crisis, generating environmental depredation, health problems, economic concentration, and social polarization.
• To overcome the crisis of agro-extractivism in Argentina, it is necessary to transform the patterns of production, consumption and accumulation, which will require democratizing access to land ...