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Cooperatives as instruments of smallholder development: Evidence from banana, cocoa, coffee, and palm oil producers in Peru
(2023-11)
Collective action in the agricultural sector of Peru started in the form of agrarian production cooperatives around 1969. Following the collapse of the collectivisation program in the 1980s, external stakeholders helped to form marketing cooperatives in select sectors to discourage coca leaf production. Nowadays, cooperatives are only active in four sectors: banana, cocoa, coffee, and palm oil. Case study evidence of the performance of cooperatives in Peru is mixed, which raises the need for applied research to inform ...
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Partial purification of tannase enzyme produced by Bacillus licheniformis isolated from local soils
(2023-12-28)
Tannase is an enzyme that causes hydrolysis of a group of tannins (gallo-tannins) to gallic acid and glucose. This enzyme is of importance due to its numerous applications in many fields, such as in the food industry by enhancing tea and coffee flavour and improving the quality of fruit juices rich in tannins. Gallic acid is applied in the drug industry, and production of antioxidants is used in the oil industry. In this study, Tannase was produced by locally isolated Bacillus licheniformis using spent tea as substrate ...
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Textile Waste Becomes Plastic Composites
(2023-09)
Every year, large quantities of textiles end up in landfills or in thermal recycling. However, some of this waste could also serve as raw materials for composite materials. Left-over cotton fibers of the textile industry, for example, are suitable as reinforcing fibers that enhance the mechanical properties of bio-based plastics. By using such waste streams, materials can be reinforced in a cost-effective and bio-based way in the future.