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Now showing items 11-20 of 94
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The First Informationexplosion
(2022-06-20)
The paper places punch card technology in the context of the office machine industry in Germany and discusses the exciting relationship between the two competitors on the market for punch card technology, Dehomag and Powers, in Germany. The question is whether the leading role of the United States in the use of office machines frequently cited by Anglo-American authors really applies. How punch card technology in Germany has advanced from its beginnings is discussed under the heading of rationalisation strategies. ...
Working paper
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Nominal Science without Data
(2022-09-28)
Expanding upon literature on early digital computers, this paper shows the role mathematicians have undertaken in founding the academic fields of Game Theory and Operations Research, and details how they were supported by the mathematics departments of military agencies in branches of the US Armed Services. This paper claims that application is only decoration. Other than astronomy, physics and engineering, where experiments generate data analysed with the aid of models and appropriate software on computers, Game ...
Working paper
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Natural Resources, Raw Materials, and Extractivism: The Dark Side of Sustainability
(2022)
• Extractivism is the dark side of sustainability
• raw materials and primary commodities are the backbones of the global economy
• extraction and export of raw materials lead to Extractivism understood as a development model
• Extractivism is persistent, prone to crisis, and affects domestic and international constellations
Working paper
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Hotspot 17 der biologischen Vielfalt - Konzeption zur Förderung der biologischen Vielfalt in der Region „Werratal mit Hohem Meißner und Kaufunger Wald“
(2023)
Im Rahmen des Projektes „Schaf schafft Landschaft“ wurde von Oktober 2019 bis April 2022 eine Konzeption zur Förderung der biologischen Vielfalt in der Region „Werratal mit Hohem Meißner und Kaufunger Wald“ (Hotspot 17) erarbeitet. Bei dieser Hotspotkonzeption wurde ein überregionaler, umsetzungsorientierter Ansatz verfolgt und die gesamte Region des Hotspot 17 in den Blick genommen, um möglichst umfassend die Themen mit besonderer naturschutzfachlicher Relevanz für den Erhalt der Biodiversität zu erkennen und mit ...
Working paper
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The Computing Boom in the U.S. Aeronautical Industry, 1945–1965
(2023-05-15)
Whereas standard accounts on the history of modern computing tell the development of the digital computer as an isolated event on the East Coast of the U.S., this paper will show the history of machine computing in the context of the broad and rapid development of aeronautical weapons in the U.S. military since 1945. Analogue computing plays an important role that is nearly completely ignored by standard accounts. The extensive literature on the history of electronic digital computers does not take into account the ...
Working paper
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Gold Mining (artisanal gold mining): Is it an engine of development in Mauritania?
(2023)
• In 2021, Mauritania exported approximately 13 million tons of iron, 20% of which was bound for Western Europe.
• The economic structure of this country is increasingly rent based.
• The extractive sector does not act as a catalyst for the country's development. Its contribution to poverty reduc-tion remains insignificant.
• Poverty remains a significant feature of the country, ranking 157th out of 189 according to the Human Development Index in 2020.
Working paper
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Digitalisierung der hessischen Arbeitswelt
(2023-07)
In diesem Papier werden im Folgenden zunächst die Rahmenbedingungen in Form der digitalen Infrastrukturen sowie der Status Quo der (technischen) Digitalisierung am Arbeitsplatz dargestellt (Kapitel 2). Anschließend werden zentrale Herausforderungen technischer Art, von der IT-Sicherheit bis zur Produktsicherheit, aufgegriffen (Kapitel 3). Kapitel 4 geht dann zunächst auf die Struktur und den Stand der (digitalen) Wirtschaft ein, wobei regionale Unterschiede und Potenziale mit aufgegriffen werden. Daran schließt sich ...
Working paper
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Petropolitics
(2023)
• The dominant trend was that oil and natural gas were first and foremost a matter of market mechanisms and competition rules, even if they interacted with politics and geopolitics.
• The WTO persisted in treating hydrocarbons as commodities like any other, ignoring both their commons character and their impact on the environment and climate.
• The conflict in Ukraine has caused an upheaval. Within a few months, Europe faced a serious threat of energy shortages.
• In a few months, the rehabilitation of coal and ...
Working paper
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Mathematical Management
(2023-07-14)
Der Aufstieg des Fachgebietes Operations Research, das mathematische Modelle zur Steuerung von Wirtschaftsunternehmen bereitstellt, in der politischen Wissenskultur von Cold War Science der USA nach 1945 wird aufgezeigt und dann übergeleitet zur Institutionalisierung von Operations Research in den Universitäten von Europa und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Die Vorläuferorganisationen zur Deutschen Gesellschaft für Operations Research werden dargestellt und das Zusammenspiel der Jahrestagung dieser Gesellschaft mit ...