Effect of full-sib and S2-selection on a sweet corn population (Zea mays convar. saccharata)

Sweet corn breeding goals differ from grain or silage corn. Sweet corn goals focus on marketable yield including several quality traits. This study explores the effect of a single cycle of full-sib selection and S2 selection on improving the marketable yield of an open-pollinated sweet corn population. The selected populations were subsequently compared in four environments for several plant-, yield- and quality traits relative to the original population. Analysis of variance was used to detect selection progress and indirect effects of selection. Full-sib and S2-selection decreased total yield. Marketable yield was decreased more by S2-selection than by full-sib selection. Flowering time was changed by full-sib selection, but not by S2-selection. Full-sib selection improved ear quality by increasing ear length, the diameter of the ear and the number of kernel rows. S2-selection showed no effect or a negative effect on ear quality. The application of a single cycle of selection using either method seemed inadequate for increasing marketable yield. More cycles might be necessary to make significant improvements.