Sustainable management practices and soil quality in strawberry cultivation in Norte de Santander, Colombia

In Pamplona, Norte de Santander, strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) producers face a dual challenge: ensuring the safety of their products and conserving natural resources. Nine farms belonging to the Association of Rural Women (ASMUR) were assessed, representing approximately 20% of the total affiliated production units within the association. The level of implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) was analysed in accordance with the 2020 Resolution of the Colombian Agricultural Institute (ICA), alongside sustainable soil management as per the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) guidelines on good practices for the management and sustainable use of soils in rural areas. Field tests and laboratory analyses were carried out to evaluate soil quality. The results revealed that none of the farms meet the requirements for GAP certification, with notable limitations in infrastructure, training, personnel protection, and traceability. On the other hand, the soils exhibited high organic matter content, acidic pH, and low biological activity. To overcome these limitations and achieve GAP certification, it is crucial to develop a specific action plan, provide advisory and training in GAP and sustainable soil management, make investments in key infrastructure, implement soil monitoring, adjust pH with amendments, encourage agroecological practices, promote the use of bio-inputs, and establish partnerships with entities for access to resources and technical-financial support.