Numerical Two-Scale Simulations of Damage Evolution at Refractory Materials

Fracture and damage processes on micro- and mesoscale are combined with macroscale simulations applying numerical multiscale approaches. Cracks and grain boundaries are reproduced in cell models that take account of transand intercrystalline crack growth. The global, in general thermomechanical boundary value problem is considered within a continuum mechanics framework. Two approaches are presented combining the scales. Simple processes on the smaller level are described in analytical models including the damage evolution into the constitutive laws by internal variables. More complicated microstructural features are incorporated, performing interacting FE simulations on both scales and applying numerical homogenization schemes.