Date
2020-11-27Metadata
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Aufsatz
Seasonal variation in mycoflora associated with asymptomatic maize grain from small-holder farms in two provinces of South Africa
Abstract
Seed quality plays an important role in the establishment of healthy crop stands. The aim of this study was to identify the mycoflora associated with maize grain collected over two growing seasons, one experiencing severe drought, from small-holder farms across KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) and the Eastern Cape (EC), two important provinces with maize producing small-holder farmers in South Africa. Asymptomatic maize ears were collected at harvest during two maize growing seasons from farms located in Hlanganani (KZN), Ntabamhlophe (KZN), KwaNxamalala (KZN), Bizana (EC) and Tabankulu (EC). Maize grain was subjected to seed health tests using the agar plate method. The percentage incidence of fungal species isolated from maize grain was determined with species identities confirmed by ITS sequencing. Nine fungal genera were identified with Fusarium species and Stenocarpella maydis the most prevalent. Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium graminearum and S. maydis were isolated from all sites in both seasons. No fungal species exhibited a higher incidence in the drought season across all sites. F. graminearum and S. maydis had higher incidences in the wetter season at four and three sites, respectively. F. verticillioides had a greater incidence at the EC sites, particularly the coastal Bizana site. We conclude that local factors have a greater impact than the drought season on the population structure of ear-rot pathogens. The widespread presence of fungi that are potentially mycotoxin-producing in asymptomatic maize grain poses health risks to consumers and is worthy of further investigation.
Citation
In: Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics (JARTS) Vol. 121 / No. 2 (2020-11-27) , S. 265-275 ; EISSN 2363-6033Collections
Vol 121, No 2 (2020) (Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics (JARTS))Citation
@article{doi:10.17170/kobra-202011262275,
author={Aveling, Theresa Ann Sheila and Ridder, Katrien de and Olivier, Nicholas A. and Berger, Dave K.},
title={Seasonal variation in mycoflora associated with asymptomatic maize grain from small-holder farms in two provinces of South Africa},
journal={Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics (JARTS)},
year={2020}
}
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2020-11-30T15:46:17Z 2020-11-30T15:46:17Z 2020-11-27 doi:10.17170/kobra-202011262275 http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/12048 eng Namensnennung 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ fusarium spp. grain mycoflora maize seed quality smallholder farmers stenocarpella maydis 630 Seasonal variation in mycoflora associated with asymptomatic maize grain from small-holder farms in two provinces of South Africa Aufsatz Seed quality plays an important role in the establishment of healthy crop stands. The aim of this study was to identify the mycoflora associated with maize grain collected over two growing seasons, one experiencing severe drought, from small-holder farms across KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) and the Eastern Cape (EC), two important provinces with maize producing small-holder farmers in South Africa. Asymptomatic maize ears were collected at harvest during two maize growing seasons from farms located in Hlanganani (KZN), Ntabamhlophe (KZN), KwaNxamalala (KZN), Bizana (EC) and Tabankulu (EC). Maize grain was subjected to seed health tests using the agar plate method. The percentage incidence of fungal species isolated from maize grain was determined with species identities confirmed by ITS sequencing. Nine fungal genera were identified with Fusarium species and Stenocarpella maydis the most prevalent. Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium graminearum and S. maydis were isolated from all sites in both seasons. No fungal species exhibited a higher incidence in the drought season across all sites. F. graminearum and S. maydis had higher incidences in the wetter season at four and three sites, respectively. F. verticillioides had a greater incidence at the EC sites, particularly the coastal Bizana site. We conclude that local factors have a greater impact than the drought season on the population structure of ear-rot pathogens. The widespread presence of fungi that are potentially mycotoxin-producing in asymptomatic maize grain poses health risks to consumers and is worthy of further investigation. open access Aveling, Theresa Ann Sheila Ridder, Katrien de Olivier, Nicholas A. Berger, Dave K. Fusarium Mais Saatgutqualität Kleinbauer Pilze Südafrika publishedVersion EISSN 2363-6033 No. 2 Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics (JARTS) 265-275 Vol. 121 false
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