The present work aimed to further develop and refine the nomological net of personality traits predicting deception within the specific context of romantic relationships, as well as within the academic context. The main findings are that the already established correlation between Honesty-Humility and general deceptive behavior also reliable emerged for relationship-based dishonesty and academic cheating; however, against general deception research, when examining the specific context of romantic relationships, the ...

The present dissertation investigated the utility of dimensional personality disorder (PD) models for clinical practice, specifically focusing on the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) as implemented in the DSM-5 and the dimensional PD conceptualization in the ICD-11. The dissertation research consisted of three studies that addressed various aspects of clinical utility of dimensional PD models, including practical utility regarding assessment of the severity of personality pathology, the quantification ...

In this dissertation, the effectiveness of learning through self-explanation was examined through a series of experiments. The primary focus was on the acquisition of factual knowledge. Learners' self-explanations were coded and categorized into correct inferences, correct paraphrases, and false utterances.

This dissertation aims to advance the professionalization of coaching by advancing coaching research. It does this by meeting the demand for methodological grounding and examining coaches' motives for participating in coaching research, thereby contributing to the generation of larger and more-realistic samples (Study 1), by conducting theory-driven research based on psychotherapy research, and by using an observer-based method to evaluate behavioral data (Study 2). At the same time, it contributes to improving the ...

In this study, the effect of distributed practice on the mathematical performance of 7th graders was investigated (N == 81). After a stochastics lesson, one group of students worked three sets of exercises massed on one day, while the other group of students worked the same exercises distributed over three days. Bayesian analyses of the performance two weeks after the last practice revealed no evidence for an effect of practice condition. However, in a test after six weeks, strong evidence for a positive effect of ...

In aktuellen Intelligenzstrukturmodellen gehört kristalline Intelligenz (gc) zu den am besten etablierten Fähigkeitsfaktoren. Dabei spiegelt gc die Einflüsse von Lernen und Akkulturation wider und umfasst somit alles Wissen, das Menschen im Laufe ihres Lebens erwerben und zum Problemlösen einsetzen. In diesem Beitrag beschreiben wir die Entwicklung einer Kurzskala zur Messung kristalliner Intelligenz mit fünfminütiger Bearbeitungszeit, die auf deklarativen Wissensfragen aus den Natur-, Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften ...

The present study investigated the effect of distributed versus crammed practice before a course deadline on the retention and transfer of knowledge, and whether learner characteristics moderate the effect. In Experiment 1, only 41% (N = 38) of the initially enrolled students worked the voluntary but recommended practice tasks. Moreover, markedly fewer students did so in the distributed condition (12%) than the crammed practice condition (29%). In Experiment 2, working the practice tasks was mandatory and more students ...

Acting ecologically sustainably and not exhausting natural resources is becoming more and more important. Sustainable behavior can be investigated within the conceptual frame of resource dilemmas, in which users share a common, slowly regenerating resource. A conflict emerges between maximizing one’s own profit and maintaining the resource for all users. Although many studies have investigated adults’ behavior in resource dilemmas, barely anything is known about how children deal with such situations and which factors ...

Adults’ mental rotation performance with body‐like stimuli is enhanced if these stimuli are anatomically compatible with a human body, but decreased by anatomically incompatible stimuli. In this study, we investigated these effects for kindergartners and first‐graders: When asked to mentally rotate cube configurations attached with human body parts in an anatomically compatible way, allowing for the projection of a human body, children performed better than with pure cube combinations. By contrast, when body parts ...