Aufsatz
Depression, Race-Based Bias, and Judgements of Veracity
Abstract
The depressive realism hypothesis suggests that depressed individuals have a more realistic perception than nondepressed. Most studies depict the effects of depressive realism on self-perceptions. However, some lie detection studies suggest the effects of depressive realism on the perception of others. Our study investigated the hypothesis that individuals with subclinical depression levels (dysphoric) show a heightened accuracy in lie detection and a lower truth bias. Furthermore, we expected these effects to be stronger in positive statements. Moreover, we expected that nondysphoric but not dysphoric individuals would show a heightened truth bias for Black targets. We also expected to find the effects of depressive realism in judgmental confidence and in self-evaluations of performance. Methods: 472 participants classified 16 video statements as truth or lie. We tested all hypotheses using three depression measures: IPIP-300 Depression Subscale, the PHQ-9, and the CES-D. Results: In contrast to our hypothesis, we found no heightened accuracy in the veracity judgments of dysphoric individuals. Truth bias was higher in dysphoric participants than in nondysphoric. There was an interaction of valence with PHQ-9 but not with IPIP or CES-D. Nondysphoric but not dysphoric participants had a higher truth bias for Black targets. Furthermore, dysphoric individuals had lower judgmental confidence and lower but not more accurate self-evaluation values. Conclusion: We discuss the results and future directions.
Citation
In: European Journal of Psychology Open Jahrgang 82 / Heft 1 (2023-07-26) , S. 31-43 ; eissn:2673-8627Sponsorship
Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität KasselCitation
@article{doi:10.17170/kobra-202310058825,
author={Benz, Daniel and Reinhard, Marc-André},
title={Depression, Race-Based Bias, and Judgements of Veracity},
journal={European Journal of Psychology Open},
year={2023}
}
0500 Oax 0501 Text $btxt$2rdacontent 0502 Computermedien $bc$2rdacarrier 1100 2023$n2023 1500 1/eng 2050 ##0##http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/15101 3000 Benz, Daniel 3010 Reinhard, Marc-André 4000 Depression, Race-Based Bias, and Judgements of Veracity / Benz, Daniel 4030 4060 Online-Ressource 4085 ##0##=u http://nbn-resolving.de/http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/15101=x R 4204 \$dAufsatz 4170 5550 {{Ethnozentrismus}} 5550 {{Depression}} 5550 {{Urteil}} 5550 {{Wahrhaftigkeit}} 7136 ##0##http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/15101
2023-10-06T10:33:27Z 2023-10-06T10:33:27Z 2023-07-26 doi:10.17170/kobra-202310058825 http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/15101 Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel eng Namensnennung 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ depression race-based bias veracity judgements deception detection 150 Depression, Race-Based Bias, and Judgements of Veracity Aufsatz The depressive realism hypothesis suggests that depressed individuals have a more realistic perception than nondepressed. Most studies depict the effects of depressive realism on self-perceptions. However, some lie detection studies suggest the effects of depressive realism on the perception of others. Our study investigated the hypothesis that individuals with subclinical depression levels (dysphoric) show a heightened accuracy in lie detection and a lower truth bias. Furthermore, we expected these effects to be stronger in positive statements. Moreover, we expected that nondysphoric but not dysphoric individuals would show a heightened truth bias for Black targets. We also expected to find the effects of depressive realism in judgmental confidence and in self-evaluations of performance. Methods: 472 participants classified 16 video statements as truth or lie. We tested all hypotheses using three depression measures: IPIP-300 Depression Subscale, the PHQ-9, and the CES-D. Results: In contrast to our hypothesis, we found no heightened accuracy in the veracity judgments of dysphoric individuals. Truth bias was higher in dysphoric participants than in nondysphoric. There was an interaction of valence with PHQ-9 but not with IPIP or CES-D. Nondysphoric but not dysphoric participants had a higher truth bias for Black targets. Furthermore, dysphoric individuals had lower judgmental confidence and lower but not more accurate self-evaluation values. Conclusion: We discuss the results and future directions. open access Benz, Daniel Reinhard, Marc-André doi:10.1024/2673-8627/a000040 Ethnozentrismus Depression Urteil Wahrhaftigkeit publishedVersion eissn:2673-8627 Heft 1 European Journal of Psychology Open 31-43 Jahrgang 82 false
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