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Aufsatz
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The Covid-19 containment effects of public health measures: A spatial difference-in-differences approach
(2021-04-12)
The paper studies the containment effects of public health measures to curb the spread of Covid-19 during the first wave of the pandemic in spring 2020 in Germany. To identify the effects of six compound sets of public health measures, we employ a spatial difference-in-differences approach. We find that contact restrictions, mandatory wearing of face masks and closure of schools substantially contributed to flattening the infection curve. The significance of the impact of restaurant closure does not prove to be robust. ...
Aufsatz
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Organization of the central nervous system and innervation of cephalic sensory structures in the water bear Echiniscus testudo (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) revisited
(2021-06-15)
The tardigrade brain has been the topic of several neuroanatomical studies, as it is key to understanding the evolution of the central nervous systems in Panarthropoda (Tardigrada + Onychophora + Arthropoda). The gross morphology of the brain seems to be well conserved across tardigrades despite often disparate morphologies of their heads and cephalic sensory structures. As such, the general shape of the brain and its major connections to the rest of the central nervous system have been mapped out already by early ...
Aufsatz
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Transcriptomic, peptidomic, and mass spectrometry imaging analysis of the brain in the ant Cataglyphis nodus
(2021-03-11)
Behavioral flexibility is an important cornerstone for the ecological success of animals. Social Cataglyphis nodus ants with their age-related polyethism characterized by age-related behavioral phenotypes represent a prime example for behavioral flexibility. We propose neuropeptides as powerful candidates for the flexible modulation of age-related behavioral transitions in individual ants. As the neuropeptidome of C. nodus was unknown, we collected a comprehensive peptidomic data set obtained by transcriptome analysis ...
Aufsatz
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An auxiliary crack approach for efficient approximative crack tip loading analyses
(2021-10-20)
An efficient approach based on the path-independent interaction-integral (I-integral) is suggested for assessing the crack tip loading in elastic structures without having to geometrically model a physical crack. Exploiting just the elastic solution of the uncracked structure, the I-integral is adapted incorporating the closed formulation of crack tip stress and displacement fields of an auxiliary crack, which in this approach is interpreted as hypothetical physical crack. Different specimens and crack configurations ...
Aufsatz
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On the Impact of Build Envelope Sizes on E-PBF Processed Pure Iron
(2021-11-17)
In additive manufacturing, the thermal history of a part determines its final microstructural and mechanical properties. The factors leading to a specific temperature profile are diverse. For the integrity of a parameter setting established, periphery variations must also be considered. In the present study, iron was processed by electron beam powder bed fusion. Parts realized by two process runs featuring different build plate sizes were analyzed. It is shown that the process temperature differs significantly, ...
Aufsatz
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On the Microstructural and Cyclic Mechanical Properties of Pure Iron Processed by Electron Beam Melting
(2021-03-10)
Additive manufacturing (AM) processes such as electron beam melting (EBM) are characterized by unprecedented design freedom. Topology optimization and design of the microstructure of metallic materials are enabled by rapid progress in this field. The latter is of highest importance as many applications demand appropriate mechanical as well as functional material properties. For instance, biodegradable implants have to meet mechanical properties of human bone and at the same time guarantee adequate cytocompatibility ...
Aufsatz
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Challenges in Solid Waste Management: Insights Into the Disposal Behavior of Suburban Consumers in Guatemala City
(2021-07-09)
Help, I need to get rid of it! In suburban areas of Guatemala City, inhabitants dispose of their household waste by burning it on their private property. Garbage collection coverage in the capital is inadequate, with only 85% of the generated waste being collected and collection rates in suburban areas lag far behind. This study examines the critical events, decisions and emotions linked with the disposition of household items of impoverished consumers living in the suburban area of Cumbre de San Nicolás near Guatemala ...
Aufsatz
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Betriebliche Mobilitätsmanagementmaßnahmen – ein Anstoß für Veränderungen in Mobilitätsverhalten und -einstellungen Mitarbeitender?
(2021-06-09)
Betriebliches Mobilitätsmanagement (BMM) fokussiert auf die Verkehrsgestaltung hinsichtlich Pendel- und Berufsverkehr, Dienstreisen und Kundenverkehr. Ziel ist es, beispielsweise Parkplatzauslastungen zu verringern oder Verhaltensänderungen bei den Mitarbeitenden hinsichtlich der Verkehrsmittelwahl hervorzurufen. Bisher ist BMM in Deutschland wenig implementiert und in geringem Umfang erforscht.
Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt dieser Artikel das Instrument BMM theoretisch dar und präsentiert ein zugehöriges ...
Aufsatz
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CuCrZr processed by laser powder bed fusion — Processability and influence of heat treatment on electrical conductivity, microstructure and mechanical properties
(2021-06-16)
CuCrZr parts were fabricated by laser beam powder bed fusion (LB-PBF) technique and subjected to different heat treatments. As a result, four different conditions were considered for further investigations, that is, the as-built condition, conditions of maximum hardness (MH) and maximum electrical conductivity (MC), and a condition representing a compromise between hardness and conductivity (H&C). Microstructural evolution and performance under monotonic and cyclic loading were studied. Fracture surfaces revealed ...