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High-Throughput Alloy Development Using Advanced Characterization Techniques During Directed Energy Deposition Additive Manufacturing
(2023-03-31)
In laser-based direct energy deposition (DED-LB) additive manufacturing (AM), wire or powder materials are melted by a high-power laser beam. Process-specific characteristics enable robust in situ fabrication of compositionally graded materials, e.g., through an adaption of powder mass flow from independent hoppers. Based on the high flexibility of this approach, pathways toward multimaterial AM have been unlocked. Obviously, such characteristics enable high-throughput alloy development. However, rapid alloy development ...
Aufsatz
Organic Matter Matters—The Imaginary Conductivity of Sediments Rich in Solid Organic Carbon
(2023-12-01)
Solid organic matter (OM) is a biogeochemically relevant constituent of soils and sediments. It also affects sediments' geophysical properties, but is often overlooked in hydro- and biogeophysical approaches for the characterization of the shallow subsurface. Here, we explore the potential of spectral induced polarization (SIP) to delineate OM-rich zones in the subsurface and provide insights into the mechanisms that drive OM-polarization using measurements on both field cores and artificial OM-sand mixtures. Both, ...
Aufsatz
Renewable energy as an alternative source for energy management in agriculture
(2023-07-03)
This study provides a high-level overview of alternative energy sources that can be harnessed to power agricultural operations, focusing on renewable energy technologies. When thinking about the overall economy around the globe, agriculture is vital. Energy is required at each step of production, from fertilizer production to fueling tractors for planting and harvesting. The high energy prices and unpredictable energy market significantly affect the input energy costs. Energy efficiency methods, when properly applied, ...
Aufsatz
Water quality footprint of agricultural emissions of nitrogen, phosphorus and glyphosate associated with German bioeconomy
(2023-11-02)
Fertiliser and pesticide application can cause extensive environmental damage. We use the water quality footprint to express nitrogen, phosphorus and glyphosate emissions from agriculture in volumes of water needed to virtually dilute pollution and apply the approach to agricultural imports for the German bioeconomy in 1995 and 2020. In total, the virtual German water quality footprint corresponds to 90 times the volume of Lake Constance. If water pollution had to be eliminated by dilution in export countries supplying ...
Aufsatz
Systems methods for analyzing trade‑offs between food security and conserving biodiversity
(2023-04-15)
The endeavor for greater food security has caused trade-offs between increasing agricultural production and conserving habitat of threatened species. We take a novel approach to analyze these trade-offs by applying and comparing three systems methods (systems diagrams, influence matrices, and land use modeling) in a case study of Uganda. The first two methods were used to scope out the trade-off system and identify the most important variables influencing trade-offs. These variables were agricultural yield, land ...
Aufsatz
Optimization of the bicinchoninic acid assay for quantifying carbohydrates of soil extracellular polymeric substances
(2023-12-23)
Background and aims
The bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method was not yet applied on soil extracts of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to quantify polysaccharides, although this might be possible by introducing a cleavage step to produce monosaccharides. A pre-extraction with CaCl₂ to remove interfering substances is usually performed before extracting EPS. The main objective of this study was to optimize the BCA assay for total carbohydrates quantification by applying a hydrolysis step to the EPS extracts, while ...
Aufsatz
The chronos of class conflict. The relevance of the temporal dimension in conflicts related to labour migration
(2023-10-13)
In recent migration research temporality has become a prominent figure. Focussing on temporality allows to shed light on some aspects of labour mobility that enlighten our understanding of work-related conflicts. Especially with view to labour market inclusion, migrants often experience the (assumed) temporal limitation and unpredictability of migration projects, work and residence permits, as well as employment relationships. Correspondingly, labour policies, sector-specific company structures and management techniques ...
Aufsatz
The role of prior knowledge and need for cognition for the effectiveness of interleaved and blocked practice
(2023-07-11)
Interleaved practice combined with comparison prompts can better foster students’ adaptive use of subtraction strategies compared to blocked practice. It has not been previously investigated whether all students benefit equally from these teaching approaches. While interleaving subtraction tasks prompts students’ attention to the different task characteristics triggering the use of specific subtraction strategies, blocked practice does not support students in detecting these differences. Thus, low-prior-knowledge ...
Aufsatz
Conditions and Effects of Norm Internalization
(2023-01-31)
Norm internalization refers to the process of adoption of normative beliefs by individuals, thus representing a link between individual and social change. However, there are several questions regarding norm internalization which need to be answered. These include understanding under which circumstances norm internalization does occur by considering the effects of internalizing either a certain norm or even conflicting norms. To investigate the conditions and effects of norm internalization, we developed a theoretical ...
Aufsatz
Dynamic tensile deformation behavior of AISI 316L stainless steel fabricated by laser-beam directed energy deposition
(2023-11-07)
The dynamic deformation behavior of metallic materials is the key to crash-safe design in many applications, e.g., in the automotive sector. However, in the field of additive manufacturing, dynamic deformation properties have only been scarcely studied. Based on the intrinsic interrelationships of process parameters, post-process heat treatments and the resulting microstructure, the present study seeks to provide a holistic overview of the dynamic tensile deformation properties of AISI 316L stainless steel, fabricated ...