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3DWoodWind: robotic winding processes for material-efficient lightweight veneer components
(2022-03-25)
Winding processes are known from fiber composite technology for highly resistance lightweight components for aviation. These fiber-based processes work predominantly with synthetic composites made of carbon or glass fibers. For the construction industry, these additive processes are very promising and resource-efficient building processes, but they are still hardly used in timber construction despite the very high level of digitalization and technical development. The 3DWoodWind research project uses a continuous ...
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Stream-based active learning for sliding windows under the influence of verification latency
(2021-11-18)
Stream-based active learning (AL) strategies minimize the labeling effort by querying labels that improve the classifier’s performance the most. So far, these strategies neglect the fact that an oracle or expert requires time to provide a queried label. We show that existing AL methods deteriorate or even fail under the influence of such verification latency. The problem with these methods is that they estimate a label’s utility on the currently available labeled data. However, when this label would arrive, some of ...
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Design based on availability: Generative design and robotic fabrication workflow for non-standardized sheet metal with variable properties
(2022-03-07)
This paper presents the use of a computational design algorithm in combination with robotic fabrication and sensing to augment the design and construction process for non-standardized material. Although reusing reclaimed material can significantly reduce the environmental impact in building construction, current design processes are not set up for this shift in thinking. Contrary to conventional practices, designing within the constraints of available material means that geometry and topology cannot be fully ...
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The confidence-accuracy relation – A comparison of metacognition measures in lie detection
(2022-04-26)
Previous research has produced mixed results on the question of whether confidence in ad hoc veracity judgments can be used as an indicator of judgment accuracy. These studies have used a variety of measures to analyze the confidence-accuracy relationship; however, they have rarely explicitly addressed why a particular measure was chosen and what its properties are. We theoretically and empirically examined previously used measures of metacognition in lie detection and report the results these measures yielded in ...
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Are open-book tests still as effective as closed-book tests even after a delay of 2 weeks?
(2022-04-06)
The present work was conducted to re-examine the findings of Agarwal et al. (Applied Cognitive Psychology, 22(7), 861–876, 2008), which showed that both closed-book tests (with feedback) and open-book tests increased learning outcomes after 1 week compared to simple re-study of the same materials. However, contrary to often found benefits of retrieval practice—which should be more pronounced in closed-book tests—both test conditions proved to be similarly effective. As retrieval practice benefits increase with retention ...
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Body scan meditation enhances the autonomous sensory meridian response to auditory stimuli
(2022-05-03)
Autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) is a pleasant, tingling sensation on the skin that can be elicited by certain auditory and visual stimuli, with the intertwining of sensory modalities and emotional reactions observable in this phenomenon resembling that of synesthesia. The current study shows that the perception of ASMR-associated tingles can be enhanced by means of a prior mindfulness exercise in which attention is drawn to the body. This finding contributes to a better understanding of the crossmodal ...
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The Role of Just World Beliefs in Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic
(2022-02-17)
This study investigated whether people’s personal belief in a just world (BJW) is linked to their willingness to physically distance themselves from others during the COVID-19 pandemic. Past research found personal BJW to be positively related to prosocial behavior, justice striving, and lower risk perceptions. If social distancing reflects a concern for others, high personal BJW should predict increased interest in social distancing. If social distancing reflects a concern for one’s personal risk, high personal BJW ...
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Agronomic performance of normal-leafed and semi-leafless pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes
(2022-03-30)
Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a major pulse crop important as feed and food. Due to the symbiosis with N-fixing bacteria, it is a valuable component of low-input cropping systems. The traditional cultivation of peas was limited by their high susceptibility to lodging. This problem was reduced, though not completely solved, by a semi-leafless mutant. Almost all modern cultivars carry this mutant. It is still an open question as to whether the lack of leaflets may have impaired the productivity. In organic farming, there ...
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Von sub\urban zu Pro:Polis?
(2022-06-22)
Die Jubiläumsausgabe von sub\urban widmet sich unter dem Titel „sub\x“ vor allem aktuellen Positionen des Urbanen. Dieser Beitrag hingegen widmet sich vor allem möglichen Alternativen des sub, das die Perspektive der Redaktion auf das Städtische beschreibt. Aus dem Sub wird ein Trans, ein Re, ein Pro, ein Post und ein Ko. Mit jeder Veränderung der Vorsilbe – und damit des Blickwinkels auf das Urbane – tritt ein anderer Aspekt der Stadt und des Städtischen, der Stadtproduktion und -planung sowie nicht zuletzt der ...
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ESG Disclosure and Idiosyncratic Risk in Initial Public Offerings
(2021-06-01)
Although legitimacy theory provides strong arguments that environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure and performance can help mitigate firm-specific (idiosyncratic) risks, this relationship has been repeatedly challenged by conceptual arguments, such as ‘transparency fallacy’ or ‘impression management’, and mixed empirical evidence. Therefore, we investigate this relationship in the revelatory case of initial public offerings (IPOs), which represent the first sale of common stock to the wider public. IPOs ...