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Single-atom heat engine as a sensitive thermal probe
(2020-09-09)
We propose employing a quantum heat engine as a sensitive probe for thermal baths. In particular, we study a single-atom Otto engine operating in an open thermodynamic cycle. Owing to its cyclic nature, the engine is capable of translating small temperature differences between two baths into a macroscopic oscillation in a flywheel. We present analytical and numerical modeling of the quantum dynamics of the engine and estimate it to be capable of detecting temperature differences as small as 2 μK. This sensitivity can ...
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Microstructural and mechanical properties of dissimilar nitinol and stainless steel wire joints produced by micro electron beam welding without filler material
(2020-09-18)
Nitinol is a shape memory and superelastic alloy, respectively, and stainless steels are widely used materials in medical engineering, e.g., for implants and medical instruments. However, due to its high price and poor machinability, there is a high demand for dissimilar welding of nitinol components to stainless steel. During welding of titanium-containing alloys, like nitinol, to ferrous metals like stainless steel, intermetallic phases between titanium and iron may form. These phases are brittle and lead to rapid ...
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Vibrotaktile Codierung von Standardfunktionen einer Menüführung
(2020-03-03)
Tactons sind taktile Nachrichten, die dem Nutzer Informationen über den haptischen Sinneskanal übermitteln, und können beispielsweise bei der Interaktion mit Touchscreens von Nutzen sein. In dieser Studie wird die systematische Erarbeitung eines Tacton-Sets für Standardfunktionen einer Menüführung (im Einzelnen die Funktionen Beenden, Bestätigen, Hauptmenü, Hilfe, Korrektur, Lauter, Leiser sowie Zurück) vorgestellt. Neben existierenden Erkenntnissen aus der Literatur wurden bei der Gestaltung des Tacton-Sets ebenfalls ...
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Improving Animal Health on Organic Dairy Farms: Stakeholder Views on Policy Options
(2020-04-09)
Although ensuring good animal health is a stated aim of organic livestock farming and an important reason why consumers purchase organic products, the health states actually achieved are comparable to those in conventional farming. Unfortunately, there have been no studies to date that have assessed stakeholder views on different policy options for improving animal health on organic dairy farms. To address this deficit, stakeholder consultations were conducted in four European countries, involving 39 supply-chain ...
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Establishing a Sustainable Waste Management System in a Transitional Economic Context: Analysis of the Socio-Economic Dynamics
(2020-05-09)
Establishing a sustainable waste management system concerns multiple aspects of the prospected geo-locations. Among them, the dynamics of the socio-economy play a crucial role. Based on the idea of circular economy (CE), the amount of waste, in general, should be reduced and the process of social involvement is embedded. This study aims to examine the social willingness towards a sustainable waste management system at a local level in Georgia. The research study was conducted with waste management analyses in Marneuli ...
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Rechtsverträgliche und qualitätszentrierte Gestaltung für "KI made in Germany"
(2020-02-21)
Künstlich intelligente (KI) Systeme erfreuen sich immer größerer Beliebtheit. Insbesondere smarte persönliche Assistenten (SPAs) von Amazon, Google und vielen weiteren verzeichnen ein stetiges Marktwachstum. Den vielfältigen Potenzialen dieser KI-Systeme stehen jedoch auch zahlreiche Risiken gegenüber. Berichte von Datenpannen und -lecks häufen sich und haben bei Nutzern eine zunehmende Skepsis zur Folge, was zu einem gespaltenen Bild von KI in der Gesellschaft beiträgt. Diesem Problem stellt sich das Forschungsprojekt ...
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Complex dynamics in psychosocial work with unaccompanied minor refugees with uncertain future prospects: A case study
(2020-09-09)
This case study explores the arriving process of an unaccompanied minor refugee in Germany and his perception of the psychosocial support he received. The aim is to elaborate possibilities to support refugee adolescents' arrival processes adequately. Two interviews—theme‐centered and narrative—were conducted and afterwards examined by a group of five researchers who used experts' validation as the analyzing tool. Four main dimensions were identified contributing to the complex dynamics in psychosocial work with ...
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3D printed dielectric lens for the gain enhancement of a broadband antenna
(2020-01-13)
A novel 3D printed dielectric lens to enhance antenna gain parameters is presented. The lens is fabricated using a fused deposition method (FDM) which is a cost‐effective and an efficient 3D printing technique. Poly‐methyl methacrylate (PMMA) is used as a dielectric material due to its good RF properties. The thickness of the dielectric lens is 14 mm and provides a gain enhancement of up to 6.9 dBi over a wide frequency range. The dielectric lens is designed and computationally analyzed to demonstrate refractive index ...
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Porcher, Jocelyne/Estebanez, Jean (Hrsg.): Animal Labor. A New Perspective on Human-Animal Relations, 182 S., transcript, Bielefeld 2019.
(2020-07-23)
2007 begründete der amerikanische Sozialwissenschaftler Jason Hribal in einem Artikel für die Zeitschrift Human Ecology Review seine Forderung nach der Anerkennung tierlicher Agency mit der Arbeit, die Tiere leisten würden. Auch Donna Haraway sprach in ihrem Buch „When Species Meet“ (2013) im Zusammenhang mit Versuchstieren von einer „shared condition of work“, um Handeln jenseits des Menschen zu fassen. Agency, die Handlungs- und Wirkmacht von Tieren, hat seitdem eine enorme Strahlkraft innerhalb der sozialwissens ...
Aufsatz
Time Operator, Real Tunneling Time in Strong Field Interaction and the Attoclock
(2020-04-07)
Attosecond science, beyond its importance from application point of view, is of a fundamental interest in physics. The measurement of tunneling time in attosecond experiments offers a fruitful opportunity to understand the role of time in quantum mechanics. In the present work, we show that our real T-time relation derived in earlier works can be derived from an observable or a time operator, which obeys an ordinary commutation relation. Moreover, we show that our real T-time can also be constructed, inter alia, from ...