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Komplexität und der Testungseffekt: Die mögliche Bedeutung der Verständnissicherung für den Nutzen von Abrufübung bei komplexem Lernmaterial
(2021-11-10)
Testung im Sinne eines aktiven Abrufs von Informationen aus dem Langzeitgedächtnis gilt als eine der effektivsten Möglichkeiten, Wissen zu konsolidieren und so nachhaltiges Lernen zu befördern. Der Testungseffekt gilt als robust und wurde für unterschiedlichste Personengruppen und Lernmaterialien gezeigt. Allerdings wird immer wieder kontrovers diskutiert, inwieweit der Testungseffekt auch bei komplexen Lernmaterialien auftritt. Der vorliegende Beitrag reflektiert diese Debatte. Dabei wird zunächst die theoretische ...
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Differenzierung und Professionalisierung der personenbezogenen Beratungsformate
(2021-04-22)
Die Diskussion über den Stand der Professionalisierung und sowie über den Professionsanspruch personenbezogener Prozessberatung begleitet die fachliche Entwicklung der Beratung von ihren Anfängen an. Dabei hat sich diese Beratungsform inzwischen so erfolgreich etabliert, dass auch klassische Unternehmensberatungsfirmen, die ihre Dienstleistung vormals ausschließlich auf der Basis betriebswirtschaftlicher und juristischer Expertise anboten und großen Wert auf Distanz zu psychologisch orientierten Ansätzen legten, ...
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Force distribution in self-tapping screws: experimental investigations with fibre Bragg grating measurement screws
(2021-08-17)
The pull-out resistance of fully threaded, self-tapping screws under axial loading has been investigated intensively in the past. Actual design models are based mainly on empirical data because the detailed interaction between the screw thread and the surrounding timber member remains unclear and might depend on the test set-up. An innovative screw sensor with 19 internal fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) was developed to measure the forces along the screw axis. The screw diameter was 12 mm and the maximum embedding length ...
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Net Energy Balance and Fuel Quality of an Alley Cropping System Combining Grassland and Willow: Results of the 2nd Rotation
(2021-06-22)
With the central aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, agroforestry systems have become popular because they can provide biomass for bioenergy conversion and thus help replace fossil energy. This article compares the net energy balances of three biomass conversion techniques for an agroforestry system consisting of willows and two types of grassland biomass as well as separate stands of grassland and willow. The period of investigation was the second willow rotation (4–6 years after establishment). The biomass ...
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Factors and Components Affecting Dairy Smallholder Farmers and the Local Value Chain— Kvemo Kartli as an Example
(2021-05-20)
Smallholder farmers are the cornerstone of the livestock sector and an essential element in building and developing the local dairy value chain, critical for developing its local economy. In Georgia, and despite the efforts made since independence from the Soviet Union until now, farmers still face many problems that prevent them from participating effectively in developing the dairy value chain, especially heavy metal pollution that afflicts the study region. This research study refers to smallholder farmers’ ...
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Characterization of Mechanical Properties, Macroscopic Deformation Behavior, and Microstructure of Functionally Graded 22MnB5 Steel
(2021-03-24)
The focus of this study is on the characterization of the local plastic deformation and failure of functionally graded 22MnB5 plates after hot stamping using an in situ approach. Various forming strategies at elevated temperatures are performed using differentially tempered forming tools to locally tailor the microstructure. By controlling the cooling rate, graded as well as martensitic and ferritic–pearlitic microstructures are obtained. Experimental analysis includes evaluation of the material- and geometry-dependent ...
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Assessing spatial variability of barley whole crop biomass yield and leaf area index in silvoarable agroforestry systems using UAV-borne remote sensing
(2021-07-13)
Agroforestry systems (AFS) can provide positive ecosystem services while at the same time stabilizing yields under increasingly common drought conditions. The effect of distance to trees in alley cropping AFS on yield-related crop parameters has predominantly been studied using point data from transects. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) offer a novel possibility to map plant traits with high spatial resolution and coverage. In the present study, UAV-borne red, green, blue (RGB) and multispectral imagery was utilized ...
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Sustainability Transitions in University Food Service—A Living Lab Approach of Locavore Meal Planning and Procurement
(2021-06-29)
Due to its purchasing power, the public food service sector is viewed as a potential transformative driver towards sustainable food systems. Organic meal planning and regional procurement may be a vital implementation strategy towards Planetary Health Diets in the communal catering arena. Capable of unleashing desirable synergies within local foodsheds, this transition pathway can potentially benefit all stages of the value chain, while also positively influencing consumer dietary behavior. Transformation, however, ...
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Cyclic nucleotide-dependent ionic currents in olfactory receptor neurons of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta suggest pull–push sensitivity modulation
(2021-06-14)
Olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta sensitize via cAMP- and adapt via cGMP-dependent mechanisms. Perforated patch clamp recordings distinguished 11 currents in these ORNs. Derivatives of cAMP and/or cGMP antagonistically affected three of five K+ currents and two non-specific cation currents. The Ca2+-dependent K+ current IK(Ca2+) and the sensitive pheromone-dependent K+ current IK(cGMP−), which both express fast kinetics, were inhibited by 8bcGMP, while a slow K+ current, IK(cGMP+), was ...
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Recent Progress in Synthesis and Application of Nanosized and Hierarchical Mordenite—A Short Review
(2021-02-26)
Zeolites with their unique properties find applications in various fields, including medicine, agronomy, ecology, production of detergents and drying agents, and in a number of industrial processes. Among zeolites, mordenite is particularly widespread because of its high silica/alumina ratio, which allows it to resist exposure to high temperatures and to acidic gases and liquids. Mordenite is commercially available as a natural mineral and as a synthesized material. This zeolite is mostly used in its synthetic form ...