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Now showing items 11-17 of 17
Aufsatz
No Robust Effect of Distributed Practice on the Short- and Long-Term Retention of Mathematical Procedures
(2020-04-29)
We investigated the effect of distributed practice and more specifically the “lag effect” concerning the retention of mathematical procedures. The lag effect implies that longer retention intervals benefit from longer inter-study intervals (ISIs). University students (N = 235) first learned how to solve permutation tasks and then practiced this procedure with an ISI of zero (i.e., massed), one, or 11 days. The final test took place after one or five weeks. All conditions were manipulated between-subjects. Contrary ...
Aufsatz
Complex dynamics in psychosocial work with unaccompanied minor refugees with uncertain future prospects: A case study
(2020-09-09)
This case study explores the arriving process of an unaccompanied minor refugee in Germany and his perception of the psychosocial support he received. The aim is to elaborate possibilities to support refugee adolescents' arrival processes adequately. Two interviews—theme‐centered and narrative—were conducted and afterwards examined by a group of five researchers who used experts' validation as the analyzing tool. Four main dimensions were identified contributing to the complex dynamics in psychosocial work with ...
Aufsatz
A Field Experiment on Reducing Drinking Straw Consumption by Default
(2020-09-16)
Against the background of the pollution of the environment through plastic waste, we conducted a field experiment (N = 195) to test the effectiveness of a default nudge intervention that aimed at reducing the consumption of plastic drinking straws. We assumed that separating straws from cups by default leads to an overall decrease in straw consumption. We hypothesized that individuals would consume straws less frequently when they had to pick straws actively out of a separate straw box for their drink compared to ...
Aufsatz
Bewusstes und unbewusstes Denken von Experten und Novizen: Eine empirische Studie zur Qualität von Personalauswahlentscheidungen und Implikationen für die Beratung
(2020-09-29)
Die „Theorie des unbewussten Denkens“ (UTT) postuliert, dass Menschen in komplexen Situationen bessere Entscheidungen treffen, wenn sie unbewusst-intuitiv und nicht bewusst nachdenken. Inwieweit sich diese, fast ausschließlich im Bereich der Konsumgüterentscheidungen geprüfte Annahme, auch auf die Entscheidungsarbeit von Recruitern, Beratern oder Coaches übertragen lässt und welche Rolle hierbei ihrer Expertise zukommt, ist bisher weitgehend ungeklärt. In diesem Beitrag werden die UTT sowie die Relevanz der Expertise ...
Aufsatz
Ein achtsamer Blick auf den Achtsamkeits-Hype
(2020-01-23)
Achtsamkeit liegt sowohl in der psychologischen Forschung als auch in vielen gesellschaftlichen Bereichen im Trend. Dieser Artikel wirft einen achtsamen Blick auf den aktuellen Forschungsstand. Dabei werden zum einen diverse methodische Limitationen bei der empirischen Untersuchung von Achtsamkeit deutlich, wodurch valide Aussagen über tatsächliche Effekte nach wie vor nur begrenzt möglich sind. Zum anderen wird eine Forschungslücke bei möglichen unerwünschten Auswirkungen identifiziert. So sind negative Konsequenzen ...
Aufsatz
Are criminals better lie detectors? Investigating offenders' abilities in the context of deception detection
(2020-10-24)
The present research examined lie detection abilities of a rarely investigated group, namely offenders. Results of the studies conducted thus far indicated a better performance of offenders compared to non‐offenders when discriminating between true and false messages. With two new studies, we aimed at replicating offenders' superior abilities in the context of deception detection. Results of Study 1 (N = 76 males), in contrast, revealed that offenders were significantly worse at accurately classifying true and false ...
Aufsatz
Spontaneous inferential processing while reading interleaved expository texts enables learners to discover the underlying regularities
(2020-11-05)
Recent studies on text sequencing found learning advantages of interleaving over blocking in terms of high‐level inferences. We conducted a 2 × 2 × 2 mixed factorial experiment with college students (n = 117) by manipulating text sequence (interleaved vs. blocked) and self‐questioning activity while reading (spontaneous vs. prompted) between subjects and testing delay (immediately vs. 1‐week delay) within subjects. Results revealed that students are spontaneously engaged in self‐questioning and inferential processing ...