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Didymella pinodella: An Important Pea Root Rot Pathogen in France to Watch Out For?
(2024-01-05)
Root rot pathogens restrict pea and wheat production globally. In the EU, pea and pea-based cereal mixtures are being promoted; however, root rot pathogen dynamics in such mixtures are poorly understood. Winter pea and wheat were grown either in pure stands or in mixtures in the field in western France, and the severity of root rot in pea, wheat, and their mixtures, as well as the key pathogens associated with these crops, were assessed. Disease severity was moderate in pea and low in wheat, with no effect of sowing ...
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Fibre reinforced ultra-high performance concrete – Rheology, fibre bond strength and flexural strength
(2023-12-06)
Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is characterised by a high compressive strength, high durability, and a dense microstructure. The latter causes UHPC to fail in a brittle and sometimes explosive manner. For this reason, UHPC is reinforced with microfibre reinforcement. On the one hand, these lead to increased tensile and bending loads being able to be absorbed, but above all to ductile post-fracture behaviour. The fibres used are mostly steel fibres.
An essential aspect of the fibre reinforcement is the bond ...
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Resistance of poly(lactic acid)/starch composites to weathering effects
(2023-10-06)
In order to produce a completely bio-based and cost-effective filled polymer, PLA and native potato starch as a filler were compounded by twin screw extrusion. Subsequently injection molded test specimens were manufactured and subjected to artificial weathering as well as different storages (high temperature, high humidity, freeze, water) for 504 h with a view to long-term resistance. Depending on the starch content a significant reduction of up to 100% in tensile strength can be seen, as the starch accelerates or ...
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Model Specification Searches in Structural Equation Modeling Using Bee Swarm Optimization
(2023-03-29)
Metaheuristics are optimization algorithms that efficiently solve a variety of complex combinatorial problems. In psychological research, metaheuristics have been applied in short-scale construction and model specification search. In the present study, we propose a bee swarm optimization (BSO) algorithm to explore the structure underlying a psychological measurement instrument. The algorithm assigns items to an unknown number of nested factors in a confirmatory bifactor model, while simultaneously selecting items for ...
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Funktionalisierung faserverstärkter Hochleistungsbetone mittels Formgedächtnislegierungen
(2023-12-06)
Faserverstärkte (Ultra-)Hochleistungsbetone ((U)HPC) werden bereits seit den 1970er Jahren in großen Mengen für die Herstellung von Betonfertigteilen verwendet. Fasern werden eingesetzt, um die Zugfestigkeit zu erhöhen und sprödes Versagen in duktiles Nachbruchverhalten umzuwandeln. Funktionale Formgedächtnislegierungen (FGL) als Bewehrung haben das Potenzial, in Form von Vorspannelementen im erhärteten Beton zu wirken und die Frischbetoneigenschaften zu verbessern.
FGL haben die Eigenschaft, sich an eine eingeprägte ...
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Faserbewehrter UHPC auf Basis von alkalisch aktivierten Bindemittel
(2023-12-06)
Die mechanische Leistungsfähigkeit von faserverstärktem Ultrahochleistungsbeton auf der Grundlage alkalisch aktivierter Schlacke wurde untersucht, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf der Verwendung von Stahlfasern lag. Die Biegezugfestigkeit ist im Vergleich zu UHPC auf der Basis Portlandzement als Bindemittel erhöht. Die Korrelation der Biegezugfestigkeitsprüfung mit Faserauszugsversuchen ergab eine Verbesserung des Verbundverhaltens in der Grenzflächen-Übergangszone des AAM-UHPC im Vergleich zum OPC-UHPC. Bei Vergleichen von ...
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Spatially resolved in situ analyses of the adsorption behavior of different admixtures on binders
(2023-12-06)
Admixtures play a key role in improving the performance of the cement paste matrix. A more efficient matrix can allow a reduction the binder content while maintaining the same properties. There is currently a lack of knowledge about the spatial distribution of admixtures in situ on binder surfaces which would facilitate the use of admixtures in general in inorganic binder systems. Imaging techniques such as confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and fluorescence microscopy can be used to study the spatiotemporal ...
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Fracture behavior of ultra-high performance lightweight concrete: In situ investigations using μ-CT
(2023-12-06)
In various research projects at the University of Kassel, the concept of lightweight concrete has been combined with that of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). Due to the high performance of the UHPC matrix, lightweight concretes (UHPLC) with strengths of 60-130 MPa and bulk density of 1.5-1.9 kg/m³ were developed. This material can be used in many applications because of its low thermal conductivity, low weight and thus easy to transport, recyclable and can be prefabricated. Thus, it meets today's multifunctional ...
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Medicalizing disabled people’s emotions - Symptom of a dis/ableist society
(2023-12-11)
The theoretical - conceptual article at hand explores how emotional discourses shape social relations by specifically focusing on the medicalization of disabled - and chronically ill - people's emotions. Medicalization is a concept from medical sociology that describes medicine's expansion into non-medical life areas, for instance into the realm of emotions, sometimes in order to challenge this expansion. The emotions of disabled people are often presented as a medicalized problem, rather than recognizing their ...
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The effects of social norms and observability on food choice
(2024-05-04)
People often adapt their behavior to the behavior of other people. We test with the help of an experiment whether this also applies to the choice of food and whether the sensitivity regarding others’ behavior increases when the food choice is observable. Participants in the experiment are first-year students who are confronted with different statements about the diets of students already enrolled and studying at the university. Participants then choose between vouchers for vegan, vegetarian, or meat-based foods, with ...