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On the Expressive Power of Stateless Ordered Restart-Delete Automata
(2021-03-13)
Stateless ordered restart-delete automata (stl-ORD-automata) are studied. These are obtained from the stateless ordered restarting automata (stl-ORWW-automata) by introducing an additional restart-delete operation, which, based on the surrounding context, deletes a single letter. While the stl-ORWW-automata accept the regular languages, we show that the swift stl-ORD-automata yield a characterization for the class of context-free languages. Here a stl-ORD-automaton is called swift if it can move its window to any ...
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Importance of sources of variability, scales and experimental design: A case study about the effects of biochar and slurry application on soil properties in agricultural silty loam soils
(2021-04-17)
In designed experiments, different sources of variability and an adequate scale of measurement need to be considered, but not all approaches in common usage are equally valid. In order to elucidate the importance of sources of variability and choice of scale, we conducted an experiment where the effects of biochar and slurry applications on soil properties related to soil fertility were studied for different designs: (a) for a field-scale sampling design with either a model soil (without natural variability) as an ...
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3D Arrangement of Magnetic Particles in Thin Polymer Films Assisted by Magnetically Patterned Exchange Bias Layer Systems
(2021-10-31)
The possibility to arrange and embed magnetic micro- and nanoparticles in thin polymer film systems using flat magnetically patterned substrate templates is investigated. In contrast to self-organized particle rows forming by applying a homogeneous magnetic field, particles adapt to the magnetic field landscape of the substrate's magnetic pattern prior to polymer crosslinking. Crosslinking then fixes the particle positions in the polymer. The process is tested for composites of hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) ...
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Phospholipid fatty acids in soil—drawbacks and future prospects
(2021-12-21)
The current opinion and position paper highlights (1) correct assignation of indicator phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), (2) specificity and recycling of PLFA in microorganisms, and (3) complete extraction and detection of PLFA. The straight-chain PLFA 14:0, 15:0, 16:0, and 17:0 occur in all microorganisms, i.e., also in fungi and not only in bacteria. If the phylum Actinobacteria is excluded from the group of Gram-positive bacteria, all remaining bacteria belong to the bacterial phylum Firmicutes, which should be ...
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Friedrichs, Werner, und Sebastian Hamm (Hrsg.) (2020): Zurück zu den Dingen! Politische Bildungen im Medium gesellschaftlicher Materialität
(2021-10-14)
Rezension zu: Friedrichs, Werner, und Sebastian Hamm (Hrsg.) (2020): Zurück zu den Dingen! Politische Bildungen im Medium gesellschaftlicher Materialität, Baden-Baden: Nomos. 423 Seiten. 59 €, ISBN 978-3-8487-5657-5 von Claire Moulin-Doos.
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On a hybrid approximation concept for self-excited periodic oscillations of large-scale dynamical systems
(2021-12-14)
When approximating periodic solutions in the context of large-scale dynamical systems involving strong local nonlinearities, efficiency is of special interest. Hence, the literature suggests a combination of two approximation methods for increasing the ratio of computational cost to accuracy. Within this contribution, a combination of Finite Difference and Harmonic Balance method is proposed. Due to the usage of Harmonic Balance it is shown, that the resulting equations only depend on the degrees of freedom that are ...
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Development of optical MEMS-based micromirror arrays on flexible substrate for curvilinear surfaces
(2021-04-18)
This research work is targeting to demonstrate that micromirror arrays can also be fabricated successfully on flexible substrates—not only on glass substrates. The paper reports on the technological data of a successful process on a flexible substrate for curvilinear surfaces. Polyethylene naphthalate substrate was selected for its low cost, strong resistance against chemicals which are used in fabrication process and sufficient optical transmission for the visible and near infrared spectrum. Finally, electrostatic ...
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Microstructure and Physicochemical Properties of Light Ice Cream: Effects of Extruded Microparticulated Whey Proteins and Process Design
(2021-06-21)
This study aimed to understand the influence of extruded microparticulated whey proteins (eMWPs) and process design in light ice cream processing by evaluating the microstructure and physicochemical properties. The inulin (T1), a commercial microparticulated whey protein (MWP) called simplesse (T2), a combination (T3), as well as eMWPs (as 50% volume of total particles): d50 < 3 µm (T4), and d50 > 5 µm (T5) were used as fat replacers. The first process design was pasteurization with subsequent homogenization (PH). ...
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Net-mineralization of organic matter and greenhouse gas emissions from Quebracho tannin-enriched manure applied to acidic and alkaline soils
(2021-07-09)
Background
Mitigation strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, ammonia volatilization, and nitrate leaching from agriculture are important for the management of environmental pollution and climate change. Tannins, which are water-soluble polyphenolic compounds, were found to reduce emissions in animal husbandry systems when supplemented to ruminant diets.
Aim
Two laboratory incubation experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of Quebracho tannin-enriched manure on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) ...
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Phosphetes via Transition Metal Free Ring Closure – Taking the Proper Turn at a Thermodynamic Crossing
(2021-05-10)
A transition metal free route to phosphetes featuring an exocyclic alkene unit is presented. In this approach phosphanides are added to a variety of diynes generating phosphaallylic intermediates which depending on the reaction conditions transform either to phosphetes or the corresponding phospholes. Investigation of the reaction mechanism by combined quantum chemical and experimental means identifies phosphole formation as thermodynamically controlled reaction path, whereas kinetic control furnishes the corresponding ...