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Didymella pinodella: An Important Pea Root Rot Pathogen in France to Watch Out For?
(2024-01-05)
Root rot pathogens restrict pea and wheat production globally. In the EU, pea and pea-based cereal mixtures are being promoted; however, root rot pathogen dynamics in such mixtures are poorly understood. Winter pea and wheat were grown either in pure stands or in mixtures in the field in western France, and the severity of root rot in pea, wheat, and their mixtures, as well as the key pathogens associated with these crops, were assessed. Disease severity was moderate in pea and low in wheat, with no effect of sowing ...
Aufsatz
Exploring the evolutionary dynamics of myrmecophytism: Perspectives from the Southeast Asian Macaranga ant-plant symbiosis
(2024-02-09)
Myrmecophytic plants utilise defensive services offered by obligate ant partners nesting in their domatia in a novel means of survival in tropical habitats. Although much is known about the ecology of myrmecophytism, there aren’t enough empirical examples to demonstrate whether it substantially influences evolutionary patterns in host plant lineages. In this study, we make use of the species-rich Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae) ant-plant symbiosis distributed in the Southeast Asian Sundaland to delve into the evolutionary ...
Aufsatz
The efficacy of spatio-temporal predictors in forecasting the risk of Cydia nigricana infestation
(2024-03-15)
The ability to estimate the risk of pest infestation can help farmers to reduce pesticide application and provide guidance that would result in better management decisions. This study tested whether different combinations of spatial and temporal risk factors may be used to predict the damage potential of pea moth, Cydia nigricana Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a major pest in field pea (Pisum sativum L., Fabaceae). Over four consecutive years, the abundance of pea moth was monitored by placing pheromone traps ...
Aufsatz
Ammonium fertilization increases pearl millet yield by promoting early root growth, higher tillering, and water use during grain filling in a low P Sahelian soil
(2020-12-01)
Background: Adaptation of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] to low soil phosphorus (P) at early seedling stages and efficient P fertilizer application are crucial for its survival in the West African Sahel. While addition of NH+4-N to P in the microdose technique has been reported to stimulate early growth of pearl millet, there is little information regarding root length (RL) at different timings.
Aims: Our study aimed at assessing the effects of added NH+4-N and NO−3-Nto P on (1) pearl millet agronomic ...
Aufsatz
Effect of full-sib and S2-selection on a sweet corn population (Zea mays convar. saccharata)
(2024-04-26)
Sweet corn breeding goals differ from grain or silage corn. Sweet corn goals focus on marketable yield including several quality traits. This study explores the effect of a single cycle of full-sib selection and S2 selection on improving the marketable yield of an open-pollinated sweet corn population. The selected populations were subsequently compared in four environments for several plant-, yield- and quality traits relative to the original population. Analysis of variance was used to detect selection progress and ...
Aufsatz
Yield stability of silage maize double cropping systems across nine German environments
(2023-10-19)
Introduction: Yield and its stability are both vital characteristics to evaluate the viability of cropping systems. However, the current frames of field research hardly allow an accurate evaluation of short-term effect stability. Therefore, over nine German environments (three years and three locations), first crop, maize, total harvested dry biomass yield (DMY), and maize dry matter content (DMC) variability were evaluated through a risk assessment in an organically managed silage maize experiment comprising 18 ...
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Relevance of organic vs. inorganic nitrogen in intra- and interspecific competition of seven central European tree species
(2023-06-23)
Key message: When competing for nitrogen with other tree species, organic N is more important than inorganic N for most species. //
Abstract: Competition for nitrogen (N) in the rhizosphere is a key process regulating a seedling´s chances for growth and survival. However, only few studies have investigated this at the individual species´ level when using a community approach. In this study, ¹⁵N incubation experiments were conducted to quantify inorganic (i.e. ammonium and nitrate) and organic (i.e. glutamine-N and ...
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Anthropogenic and natural disturbances increase local genetic diversity in an early spring geophyte (Ficaria verna Huds)
(2023-12-26)
The tetraploid Ficaria verna is a common spring geophyte in central Europe and is considered invasive in the USA and Canada. It is considered an almost seed-sterile taxon, relying on vegetative reproduction by underground tubers and aerial bulbils. Recent studies have revealed high levels of population genetic diversity in F. verna, raising the question of how genetic diversity is maintained and which factors may be responsible for the observed patterns. Polymorphic nuclear microsatellite markers were established to ...
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Perfect apples or sustainable production?—Consumer perspectives from Germany
(2023-08-23)
In recent years, environmental problems, such as resource depletion and biodiversity loss, have come to the forefront of society's attention. Consumption of fruits and vegetables from extensive production systems could decrease food loss and increase biodiversity and more sustainable resource use. However, fruits and vegetables from extensive production systems are not always of perfect external quality, and hence, rejected by consumers. To increase acceptance of imperfect fruits, this study aims to better understand ...
Aufsatz
Drought stress triggers differential survival and functional trait responses in the establishment of Arnica montana seedlings
(2021-07-15)
- The establishment and survival of seedlings are critical stages in the life cycle of plants and therefore usually well timed to humid and favourable conditions. Climate projections suggest that the threatened mountain grassland species Arnica montana may be increasingly exposed to drought stress. However, studies that focus on the species’ early development are missing. We evaluated impacts of drought-induced stress on A. montana seedlings in their early establishment phase and identified traits that could cause ...