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Environmental Assessment of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Using Carbon, Material, and Water Footprint
(2019-03-13)
There is a common understanding that the environmental impacts of construction materials should be significantly reduced. This article provides a comprehensive environmental assessment within Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) boundaries for Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) in comparison with Conventional Concrete (CC), in terms of carbon, material, and water footprint. Environmental impacts are determined for the cradle-to-grave life cycle of the UHPC, considering precast and ready-mix concrete. The LCA shows that ...
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Instability Resistance Training Decreases Motor Noise During Challenging Walking Tasks in Older Adults: A 10-Week Double-Blinded RCT
(2019-02-27)
Locomotor stability is challenged by internal perturbations, e.g., motor noise, and external perturbations, e.g., changes in surface compliance. One means to compensate for such perturbations is to employ motor synergies, defined here as co-variation among a set of elements that acts to stabilize, or provide similar trial-to-trial (or step-to-step) output, even in the presence of small variations in initial conditions. Whereas evidence exists that synergies related to the upper extremities can be trained, the extent ...
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Different strength declines in leg primary movers versus stabilizers across age - Implications for the risk of falls in older adults?
(2019-03-07)
This study investigated differences in the declines of isometric strength in hip abductors and adductors versus knee extensors across four different age groups (n = 31: 11.2 ± 1.0 y, n = 30: 23.1 ± 2.7 y, n = 27: 48.9 ± 4.4 y, and n = 33: 70.1 ± 4.2 y) with a total of 121 female subjects. As a starting point, we assumed that, during their daily activities, elderly people would use their leg stabilizers less frequently than their leg primary movers as compared to younger people. Given that muscle strength decreases ...
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Der „Sekundenkleber“ der Stummelfüßer
(2019-12-05)
Der biologische Sekundenkleber der Stummelfüßer ist eine Quelle der Inspiration für die nachhaltige Produktion „intelligenter“ polymerbasierter Materialien. In der Natur jagen die Stummelfüßer ihre Beute mit dem proteinreichen Sekret, welches in der Lage ist, enorm belastbare Fasern zu bilden. Die Anleitung für diese Transformation ist in den Bausteinen programmiert und läuft selbstständig ohne jegliche Regulation durch den tierischen Körper ab. Elektrostatische Wechselwirkungen zwischen geladenen Proteinarealen und ...
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Influence of the jet velocity on the weld quality of magnetic pulse welded dissimilar sheet joints of aluminum and steel
(2019-08-07)
The object of this investigation is to determine the influence of the jet velocity on the weld quality of sheet joints produced via magnetic pulse welding. The use of a suitable high‐speed camera system enables to observe the jet in detail, to determine its velocity during the collision process and to compare them to the achieved qualities (tensile strength, weld seam characteristics) of the welded samples. The results show that the quality of the weld generally correlates with the jet velocity, however the mere ...
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Reservoir engineering using quantum optimal control for qubit reset
(2019-09-24)
We determine how to optimally reset a superconducting qubit which interacts with a thermal environment in such a way that the coupling strength is tunable. Describing the system in terms of a time-local master equation with time-dependent decay rates and using quantum optimal control theory, we identify temporal shapes of tunable level splittings which maximize the efficiency of the reset protocol in terms of duration and error. Time-dependent level splittings imply a modification of the system-environment coupling, ...
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Conceptualization of an Indicator System for Assessing the Sustainability of the Bioeconomy
(2019-01-16)
The increased use of biogenic resources is linked to expectations of “green” economic growth, innovation spurts through biotechnology, development options for rural areas, and an increasingly regenerative resource base that is also climate-neutral. However, for several years the signs for unintentional and unwanted side effects have been increasing. In 2015, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was published at the international level in order to address this problem and deliver a starting point for a comprehensive ...