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Pectin forms polymeric pigments by complexing anthocyanins during red winemaking and ageing
(2024-05-05)
The long-term stability of red wine color depends on the formation of polymeric pigments from anthocyanins. Although there is still a lot of uncertainty about the specific structure of this diverse group of pigments, there is consensus that they are reaction products of anthocyanins and other polyphenols. Interactions between anthocyanins and pectic polysaccharides have been suggested to stabilize anthocyanins. This study explores the impact of such interactions by adding pectin during red winemaking. The results ...
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Galactosamine and mannosamine are integral parts of bacterial and fungal extracellular polymeric substances
(2024-03-22)
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are produced by microorganisms and interact to form a complex matrix called biofilm. In soils, EPS are important contributors to the microbial necromass and, thus, to soil organic carbon (SOC). Amino sugars (AS) are used as indicators for microbial necromass in soil, although the origin of galactosamine and mannosamine is largely unknown. However, indications exist that they are part of EPS. In this study, two bacteria and two fungi were grown in starch medium either with or ...
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“Stop crying your heart out”: how failed founders can use emotional failure narratives
(2023-06-07)
Failed founders experience very intense emotions resulting from their entrepreneurial failure. Since many founders are not discouraged by failure and consider founding a subsequent startup, the need to deal with the stigma attached to failed founders. Applying an experimental research design, this study investigates how failed founders can use emotional failure narratives to approach potential co-founders for their subsequent venture project. We demonstrate that the use of failure narratives that contain both negative ...
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Machine learning parameter systems, Noether normalisations and quasi-stable positions
(2024-06-25)
We discuss the use of machine learning models for finding “good coordinates” for polynomial ideals. Our main goal is to put ideals into quasi-stable position, as this generic position shares most properties of the generic initial ideal, but can be deterministically reached and verified. Furthermore, it entails a Noether normalisation and provides us with a system of parameters. Traditional approaches use either random choices which typically destroy all sparsity or rather simple human heuristics which are only ...
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Investigations of lightweight concrete by in situ compression tests using high-resolution computed tomography (μ-CT)
(2024-02-24)
The fracture behaviour of concrete is studied in various micro- and macrodamage models. This is important for estimating serviceability and stability of concrete structures. However, a detailed understanding of the material behaviour under load is often not available. In order to better interpret the fracture behaviour and pattern, images of lightweight concrete were taken using a highresolution computed tomography (μ-CT) scanner. The samples were loaded between the taken images and the load was kept constant during ...
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Electron beam powder bed fusion of Ti-30Ta high-temperature shape memory alloy: microstructure and phase transformation behaviour
(2024-06-19)
The present study reports on additive manufacturing of a Ti-30Ta (at.%) high-temperature shape memory alloy (HT-SMA) using electron beam powder bed fusion (PBF-EB/M) technique. Detailed microstructure analysis was conducted to reveal the microstructural evolution along the entire process chain, i.e. from gas-atomised powder to post-processed material. PBF-EB/M processed structures with near full density and an isotropic, β-phase stabilised microstructure, i.e. equiaxed β-grains of around 20 μm in diameter with no ...
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The impact of testosterone-lowering medication on recidivism in individuals convicted of sexual offenses
(2024-06-05)
Introduction: Treatment of individuals who have committed sexual offences with Testosterone-Lowering Medication (TLM) is a comparatively intrusive kind of intervention, which regularly takes place in coercive contexts. Thus, the question of efficacy, but also the question of who should be treated, when and for how long, are of great importance. Methods: Recidivism rates of TLM-treated high-risk individuals (þTLM; n¼54) were compared with high-risk individuals treated with psychotherapy only in the same forensic ...
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Effect of full-sib and S2-selection on a sweet corn population (Zea mays convar. saccharata)
(2024-04-26)
Sweet corn breeding goals differ from grain or silage corn. Sweet corn goals focus on marketable yield including several quality traits. This study explores the effect of a single cycle of full-sib selection and S2 selection on improving the marketable yield of an open-pollinated sweet corn population. The selected populations were subsequently compared in four environments for several plant-, yield- and quality traits relative to the original population. Analysis of variance was used to detect selection progress and ...
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Fluoropyrimidines trigger decay of hypomodified tRNA in yeast
(2024-06-10)
Therapeutic fluoropyrimidines 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) are in long use for treatment of human cancers and severe invasive fungal infections, respectively. 5-Fluorouridine triphosphate represents a bioactive metabolite of both drugs and is incorporated into target cells’ RNA. Here we use the model fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae to define fluorinated tRNA as a key mediator of 5-FU and 5-FC cytotoxicity when specific tRNA methylations are absent. tRNA methylation deficiency caused by loss of ...
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Optimal photoelectron circular dichroism of a model chiral system
(2024-06-03)
We optimize the internuclear geometry and electronic structure of a model chiral system to achieve a maximal photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) in its one-photon ionization by circularly polarized light. The electronic structure calculations are performed by the single center method, while the optimization is done using quantum alchemy employing a Taylor series expansion. Thereby, the effect of bond lengths and uncompensated charge distributions on the chiral response of the model is investigated theoretically ...