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Heat Load Profiles in Industry and the Tertiary Sector: Correlation with Electricity Consumption and Ex Post Modeling
(2022-03-29)
The accurate prediction of heat load profiles with a daily resolution is required for a broad range of applications, such as potential studies, design, or predictive operation of heating systems. If the heat demand of a consumer mainly originates from (production) processes independent of the ambient temperature, existing load profile prediction methods fail. To close this gap, this study develops two ex post machine learning models for the prediction of the heat demand with a daily resolution. The selected input ...
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Palaeoecological Interpretation of a Late Holocene Sediment Sequence from the Alpine Belt of the Southern Mongolian Altai Mountains
(2022-02-17)
The climate in the Altai Mountains is determined by two major climate systems whose dominance has varied over time, leading to significant spatio-temporal changes in temperature and precipitation during the Holocene. This study aimed at the reconstruction of the local to regional moisture and temperature conditions in an alpine belt of the southern Mongolian Altai during the Late Holocene. It thereby contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the region’s palaeoclimate in the Holocene. Our reconstruction ...
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Modeling of fiber-coupled confocal and interferometric confocal distance sensors
(2022-04-06)
Laser distance sensors are a widespread, fast and contactless approach for distance and surface topography measurements. Main characteristics of those sensors are given by resolution, measurement speed and sensor geometry. With decreasing sensor size, the alignment of the optical components in sensor setup becomes more challenging. The depth response of optical profilers is analyzed to obtain characteristic parameters and, thus, to value the alignment and the transfer behavior of those sensors. We present a novel ...
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Current Research and Challenges in Bitumen Emulsion Manufacturing and Its Properties
(2022-03-09)
The global increase of road infrastructure and its impact on the environment requires serious attention to develop sustainable and environmentally friendly road materials. One group of those materials is produced by using bitumen emulsion. However, there are still scientific and technical obstacles standing against its regular application. The bitumen emulsion formulation process and compositional optimization are subjected to a high number of degrees of freedom. Consequently, obtaining the desired product is mostly ...
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Environmental and Economic Performance of CO₂-Based Methanol Production Using Long-Distance Transport for H₂ in Combination with CO₂ Point Sources: A Case Study for Germany
(2022-03-29)
The use of CO₂-based hydrocarbons plays a crucial role in reducing the climate footprint for several industry sectors, such as the chemical industry. Recent studies showed that regions which are favorable for the production of CO₂-based hydrocarbons from an energy perspective often do not provide concentrated point sources for CO₂, which leads to an increased environmental impact due to the higher energy demand of direct air capture processes. Thus, producing H2 in regions with high renewable power potential and ...
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Conceptualization of an Indicator System for Assessing the Sustainability of the Bioeconomy
(2019-01-16)
The increased use of biogenic resources is linked to expectations of “green” economic growth, innovation spurts through biotechnology, development options for rural areas, and an increasingly regenerative resource base that is also climate-neutral. However, for several years the signs for unintentional and unwanted side effects have been increasing. In 2015, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was published at the international level in order to address this problem and deliver a starting point for a comprehensive ...
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The Impact of Visualizing Nested Sets. An Empirical Study on Tree Diagrams and Unit Squares
(2017-01-06)
It is an ongoing debate, what properties of visualizations increase people’s performance when solving Bayesian reasoning tasks. In the discussion of the properties of two visualizations, i.e., the tree diagram and the unit square, we emphasize how both visualizations make relevant subset relations transparent. Actually, the unit square with natural frequencies reveals the subset relation that is essential for the Bayes’ rule in a numerical and geometrical way whereas the tree diagram with natural frequencies does it ...
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Lie algebra for rotational subsystems of a driven asymmetric top
(2022-05-11)
We present an analytical approach to construct the Lie algebra of finite-dimensional subsystems of the driven asymmetric top rotor. Each rotational level is degenerate due to the isotropy of space, and the degeneracy increases with rotational excitation. For a given rotational excitation, we determine the nested commutators between drift and drive Hamiltonians using a graph representation. We then generate the Lie algebra for subsystems with arbitrary rotational excitation using an inductive argument.
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The relevance of herders’ local ecological knowledge on coping with livestock losses during harsh winters in western Mongolia
(2018-01-29)
In many regions of the world, traditional and local ecological knowledge is still important today for coping with environmental challenges. This study explored the relevance of such knowledge for predicting and coping with harsh winter conditions (dzud) in a remote area of western Mongolia, where government support to disaster-affected herders is restricted by weak infrastructure. Structured face-to-face interviews were held in 50 households (HHs), addressing aspects of livestock possession and management as well as ...
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Genetic diversity and differentiation of Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata (Wall. & G.Don) Cif. in the Hajar Mountains of Oman
(2020-10-04)
Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata (Wall. & G. Don) Cif. is one of the six subspecies important for domestication of olive described as having valuable breeding traits. It is distributed from South Africa to the Middle East and the Mediterranean region to China mainly at mid to high altitudes with adequate precipitation. The currently rather fragmented Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata populations likely represent outposts of a formerly larger and more connected area and are hence vulnerable to additional stresses such as ...