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Aufsatz
What climate-smart agriculture means to members of the Global Alliance for climate-smart agriculture
(Section Specialized Partnerships in Sustainable Food Systems and Food Sovereignty at the University of Kassel, Germany and Federation of German Scientists (VDW), 2019-06-05)
Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is a recently proposed solution to address increasing concerns about food scarcity caused by climate change. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization defines CSA as an increase in agricultural productivity while adapting and building resilience to climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, where possible. However, this definition of CSA and relevant methods are central to a debate between different groups of stakeholders, such as NGOs, policy-makers in developed and developing ...
Aufsatz
Machines as teammates: A research agenda on AI in team collaboration
(2019-07-06)
What if artificial intelligence (AI) machines became teammates rather than tools? This paper reports on an international initiative by 65 collaboration scientists to develop a research agenda for exploring the potential risks and benefits of machines as teammates (MaT). They generated 819 research questions. A subteam of 12 converged them to a research agenda comprising three design areas – Machine artifact, Collaboration, and Institution – and 17 dualities – significant effects with the potential for benefit or harm. ...
Aufsatz
Coupled atomistic-continuum simulation of the mechanical properties of single-layered graphene sheets
(2019-11-18)
The purpose of this work is the multiscale modeling of a single-layered graphene sheet. The model is divided into three parts. One is an atomistic domain which is simulated with the atomic-scale finite element method (AFEM). Another is a continuum domain. In this domain, the mechanical properties are investigated by using a finite element based on a nonlocal continuum shell model with a high order strain gradient. To be exact, it is a 4-node 60-generalized degree of freedom (DOF) Mindlin–Reissner finite shell element ...
Aufsatz
„Erzählinstanz ja, Erzähler ungern“
(2019)
In Thilo Refferts Kinderhörspielen Nina und Paul, Leon und Leonie sowie Fünf Gramm Glück wird mit Formen multiperspektivischen und metaleptischen Erzählens, außerdem mit nichtmenschlichen Erzählinstanzen experimentiert. Die jeweils besondere narratologische Faktur wird im Beitrag untersucht und im Kontext des aktuellen Kinderhörspiels diskutiert.
Aufsatz
European Study on heat recovery in non-residential buildings
(2019-08-13)
The HR (heat recovery) is generally assessed very positively from a business and economic point of view. In order to demonstrate this development, a first study will evaluate around 5,000 design data elements. First, the designs are evaluated with the question of how the key efficiency characteristics of the HR have changed throughout the course of the years 2014 to 2017. Afterwards, all relevant design files are subjected to an economic efficiency calculation under defined conditions, in order to determine the ...
Aufsatz
Effect of salt stress on muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) seeds
(2019-12-16)
Cucumis melo is one of the most appreciated and consumed vegetables in the world, however, producing areas have been suffering from increased salinity in irrigation water. Therefore, accesses of melon, from the germplasm bank of the Federal Rural Semi-Arid University (UFERSA), were tested for salinity and the physiological responses of the seedlings were evaluated. For the 24 accesses of C. melo, salinity of 0.06 and 3.45 dS m-1 was applied. For this, four subsamples of 25 seeds per access were used, which were seeded ...
Aufsatz
Constraints to commercialisation of smallholder agriculture in Tanintharyi division, Myanmar
(2019-12-17)
Myanmar is a country in rapid economic and political transition, with opportunities emerging for its smallholders to benefit from current economic growth. However many smallholders are trapped in semi-subsistence agriculture, disconnected from markets. Commercialisation can increase farm incomes, and - through the multiplier effect - lead to wider pro-poor growth in the rural economy. However, there are many constraints to commercialisation that prevent this process from occurring. While literature on constraints ...
Aufsatz
Responses of Filipino farmers to harsh weather phenomena: A risk perception and attitude study
(2019-12-17)
Small-scale farmers, whose livelihood and food security greatly depends on farming, are constantly exposed and vulnerable to the risks of extreme weather events. The current study explored how the perception and attitude on agricultural risks of small-scale farmers from the upland, lowland and waterside ecosystems in Siniloan, Laguna in Philippines influence the way they respond and cope with extreme weather events. The study employed quantitative and qualitative data collection methods particularly farm surveys, ...
Aufsatz
Assessment of varietal diversity and production systems of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) in Southwest Nigeria
(Kassel University Press, 2019-01-11)
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is the most important source of plant protein consumed in Nigeria with major supplies coming from the northern part of the country. However, reduction in supplies due to insurgency resulted in sharp increases in price, especially in Southwest Nigeria where cowpea is relished in different delicacies. Sustainable production increase in suitable Southwest agro-ecologies depends on suitability of cultivated varieties and production practices of the farmers. A study was conducted to ...
Aufsatz
Integration of Heat Pump Storage Systems in Manufacturing Systems via Data Farming and Monte Carlo Simulation
(2019)
The electrification of industrial energy demand is essential for effective climate protection and a successful energy transition. In production systems with fluctuating heating and cooling demands, heat pumps can make a significant contribution to electrification and increased efficiency in a demand-oriented production with automated standby operation. In order to dimension a suitable heat pump storage system, well-founded statistical information about the production system is required. For the creation of stochastic ...