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Working paper
Die Austro Moderne
(2023-01-10)
Die Länder Zentraleuropas lassen sich nicht einfach als Nachholer der westlichen Modernisierung begreifen. Der Beitrag zeigt vielmehr auf, wie die technischen Entwicklungen in den Autofabriken Lohner in Wien und Austro-Daimler in Wiener Neustadt vor sich gingen und der leichte und leistungsstarke Benzinmotor den Flugzeugbau (die Taube von Etrich) und Luftschiffbau vorantrieb. Im Flugzeugbau war Österreich um 1910 führend. Das kreative Milieu in Wien wird daran deutlich, dass die Hauptverwaltung der Lohnerwerke bloß ...
Working paper
Taylor and Taylorism
(2023-04-20)
Beyond the perspectives of labour science and industrial sociology, in which extensive deepening of the division of labour can be crystallized as an element of consensus under Taylorism, the concept of Taylorism found its way into general intellectual history. In 1954, the German-American management expert Drucker ranked scientific management among the most important contributions of the USA to Western culture. The dissemination of the concept of Taylorism in Western culture outlined here points to a high rank of ...
Working paper
Wissenschaftliche Begleitstudie. Sozialwirtschaft integriert "Neue Chancen in der Sozialwirtschaft - Qualifzierungsperspektive für Migrantinnen"
(2023-04)
Vor dem Hintergrund vielfacher gesellschaftspolitischer Entwicklungen zielt „Sozialwirtschaft integriert – Neue Chancen in der Sozialwirtschaft – Qualifizierungsperspektive für Migrantinnen“ (SoWi) als innovatives und zwischenzeitlich verstetigtes Projekt in der kommunalen Arbeitsförderung darauf ab, Teilhabemöglichkeiten am Arbeits- und Ausbildungsmarkt für Frauen zu eröffnen, die aufgrund ihres Migrationshintergrunds, ihrer sprachlichen Fähigkeiten sowie struktureller Barrieren mit unterschiedlichen Herausforderungen ...
Working paper
Does Political Resource Curse Really Exist? Evidence from the Rentier States in the Greater Middle East
(2023)
This Extractivism Policy Brief shows:
• Oil rents may affect the political regimes through influencing both defense and non-defense expenditures.
• Defense expenditures are considerably influenced by oil rents fluctuations and the quality of political system.
• The rent-seeking by incumbent autocrats may take the form of misappropriation of government revenues away from public services towards patronage.
• Being a ‘political curse’, natural resources could be detrimental to democracy and enhance regime ...
Working paper
The Austro Modern
(2021)
The countries of Central Europe cannot simply be understood as catching up with Western modernization. Rather, the article shows how technical developments proceeded in the car factories Lohner in Vienna and Austro-Daimler in Wiener Neustadt, and how the light and powerful gasoline engine drove aircraft construction (the Taube by Etrich) and airship construction. Austria was the leader in aircraft construction around 1910. The creative milieu in Vienna is evident from the fact that the headquarters of the Lohnerwerke ...
Working paper
Ein klimaneutrales Kassel bis 2030: Handlungsleitfaden im Bereich Naturschutz
(2023)
2019 beschloss die Stadtverordnetenversammlung Kassel, die Stadt bis 2030 klimaneutral zu machen (StaVo 2019a); dafür wurde als Beratungsgremium der Klimaschutzrat eingerichtet (StaVo 2019b). In der Regionalgruppe Kassel der Scientists for Future wurde zur Unterstützung ein Forschungsprojekt initiiert, um für dieses Ziel einen Handlungsleitfaden zu entwickeln. Sinnvollerweise enthielt der Beschluss zum Klimaschutzrat auch die Einrichtung einer Unterarbeitsgruppe Naturschutz und Biodiversität, außer den üblichen Themen ...
Working paper
The First Informationexplosion
(2022-06-20)
The paper places punch card technology in the context of the office machine industry in Germany and discusses the exciting relationship between the two competitors on the market for punch card technology, Dehomag and Powers, in Germany. The question is whether the leading role of the United States in the use of office machines frequently cited by Anglo-American authors really applies. How punch card technology in Germany has advanced from its beginnings is discussed under the heading of rationalisation strategies. ...
Working paper
Nominal Science without Data
(2022-09-28)
Expanding upon literature on early digital computers, this paper shows the role mathematicians have undertaken in founding the academic fields of Game Theory and Operations Research, and details how they were supported by the mathematics departments of military agencies in branches of the US Armed Services. This paper claims that application is only decoration. Other than astronomy, physics and engineering, where experiments generate data analysed with the aid of models and appropriate software on computers, Game ...
Working paper
Natural Resources, Raw Materials, and Extractivism: The Dark Side of Sustainability
(2022)
• Extractivism is the dark side of sustainability
• raw materials and primary commodities are the backbones of the global economy
• extraction and export of raw materials lead to Extractivism understood as a development model
• Extractivism is persistent, prone to crisis, and affects domestic and international constellations
Working paper
The Computing Boom in the U.S. Aeronautical Industry, 1945–1965
(2023-05-15)
Whereas standard accounts on the history of modern computing tell the development of the digital computer as an isolated event on the East Coast of the U.S., this paper will show the history of machine computing in the context of the broad and rapid development of aeronautical weapons in the U.S. military since 1945. Analogue computing plays an important role that is nearly completely ignored by standard accounts. The extensive literature on the history of electronic digital computers does not take into account the ...