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Dissertation
Role of grassland in phosphorus-flows in mixed organic farms
(2017-09-28)
The aim of the study is to analyze the role of grassland in phosphorus (P) flows in mixed organic farms. The research farm of the Thünen Institute of Organic Farming, Trenthorst, located in northern Germany was used for the analyses. The farm converted to organic farming in 2001 and had no P-fertilizer import. Grassland-related P flows (by grazing and harvesting) were estimated with a specific method using a calibrated rising plate meter (DM = 100.41 x h + 1 (r²=0.7549; n=396)). Inner farm nutrient cycles were ...
Dissertation
Effects of mild water restriction on digestion and nitrogen metabolism in a desert adapted goat breed
(2017-04-26)
Water is the main challenge facing animal husbandry in arid and semi-arid regions of the globe. These areas are characterized by a long dry season lasting between 6 and 8 months. At certain times during the long dry period, water can be so scarce that animals may face severe water shortages. Many studies have been conducted to highlight how ruminants cope during these times of severe water deprivation. Yet, livestock are much more often exposed to mild water shortages for several months in a year. Only a few studies ...
Aufsatz
Adoption of an improved bean seed variety and consumption of beans in rural Madagascar: Evidence from a randomised control trial
(Kassel University Press, 2017-10-20)
This paper studies access to, and adoption of improved seed, as well as the diffusion of improved seed information in a remote area of central Madagascar. The analysis is based on panel data gathered from 2012 to 2014 from 390 households in three villages. In 2013, a randomised control trial was applied. Half of the 390 households were randomly assigned to receive improved lima bean seed (Phaseolus lunatus), which were specifically bred for dry regions. Of the seed-receiving households, 50 % were randomly assigned ...
Aufsatz
Veganism as a Virtue: How compassion and fairness show us what is virtuous about veganism
(Department of Organic Food Quality and Food Culture at the University of Kassel, Germany and Federation of German Scientists (VDW), 2017-10-16)
With millions of animals brought into existence and raised for food every year, their negative impact upon the environment and the staggering growth in the number of chronic diseases caused by meat and dairy diets make a global move toward ethical veganism imperative. Typically, utilitarians and deontologists have led this discussion. The purpose of this paper is to propose a virtuous approach to ethical veganism. Virtue ethics can be used to construct a defense of ethical veganism by relying on the virtues of ...
Dissertation
Conservation agriculture in organic farming: Impacts on weeds and plant-parasitic nematodes during the transition
(2017-10-12)
Der Bodenschutz ist eine der wichtigsten Anforderungen an die Landwirtschaft im 21. Jahrhundert. Daher sind nicht-wendende Bodenbearbeitungssysteme, basierend auf dem Anbau von Untersaaten und Zwischenfrüchten, verstärkt in den Fokus der europäischen Agrarwirtschaft geraten. Allerdings können diese neuartigen Systeme das Spektrum und die Abundanz gewisser Krankheiten, Schädlinge und Unkräuter grundlegend verändern. Ein Beispiel ist die Zunahme von Unkräutern und ihren Samenbanken während der Übergangsphase von ...
Dissertation
Amount, composition and turnover of organic matter in topsoils and subsoils under mature beech forest
(2017-12-15)
Two-third of the terrestrial carbon (C) is stored in soils, and up to 63 % of the soil organic C (SOC) is stored in subsoils (i.e. below 30 cm soil depth). Forest soils account for nearly 70 % of the global SOC, demonstrating their great importance regarding the global carbon cycle. The higher average age of the OC stored in subsoil indicates that the subsoil OC is more stable against microbial decomposition. The capability of soil to stabilize OC is affected by substrate characteristics (e.g. size, distribution, ...