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Candidates for photic entrainment pathways to the circadian clock via optic lobe neuropils in the Madeira cockroach
(2019-12-20)
The compound eye of cockroaches is obligatory for entrainment of the Madeira cockroach's circadian clock, but the cellular nature of its entrainment pathways is enigmatic. Employing multiple‐label immunocytochemistry, histochemistry, and backfills, we searched for photic entrainment pathways to the accessory medulla (AME), the circadian clock of the Madeira cockroach. We wanted to know whether photoreceptor terminals could directly contact pigment‐dispersing factor‐immunoreactive (PDF‐ir) circadian pacemaker neurons ...
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IMF‐World Bank Cooperation Before and After the Global Financial Crisis
(2019-12-29)
This article adopts a diachronic view to compare patterns of institutional evolution of cooperation between the International Monetary Fund (IMF or Fund) and the World Bank (or Bank) before and after the global financial crisis. While the rules for Fund‐Bank cooperation had typically been tightened in response to crisis episodes, on balance they were loosened in the wake of the global financial crisis. Building on over 90 semi‐structured expert interviews and relevant official documentation, I argue that this new ...
Aufsatz
Design of Robust Total Site Heat Recovery Loops via Monte Carlo Simulation
(2019-03-10)
For increased total site heat integration, the optimal sizing and robust operation of a heat recovery loop (HRL) are prerequisites for economic efficiency. However, sizing based on one representative time series, not considering the variability of process streams due to their discontinuous operation, often leads to oversizing. The sensitive evaluation of the performance of an HRL by Monte Carlo (MC) simulation requires sufficient historical data and performance models. Stochastic time series are generated by distribution ...
Aufsatz
A simulation-based approach to evaluate objective material parameters from concrete rheometer measurements
(2019-12-31)
Modern concretes such as ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) show excellent strength properties combined with favorable flow properties. However, the flow properties depend strongly on process parameters during production (temperature, humidity etc.), but also change sensitively even with slight variations in the mixture. In order to ensure desired processing of the fluidlike material and consistent process quality, the flow properties of the concrete must be evaluated quantitatively and objectively. The usual ...
Aufsatz
Introducing the Logarithmic finite element method: a geometrically exact planar Bernoulli beam element
(2016-09-15)
We propose a novel finite element formulation that significantly reduces the number of degrees of freedom necessary to obtain reasonably accurate approximations of the low-frequency component of the deformation in boundary-value problems. In contrast to the standard Ritz–Galerkin approach, the shape functions are defined on a Lie algebra—the logarithmic space—of the deformation function. We construct a deformation function based on an interpolation of transformations at the nodes of the finite element. In the case ...
Aufsatz
Soil Gaseous Emissions and Partial C and N Balances of Small-Scale Farmer Fields in a River Oasis of Western Mongolia
(2019-06-18)
During the last decades, Mongolian river oases were subjected to an expansion of farmland. Such intensification triggers substantial gaseous carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) losses that may aggravate disequilibria in the soil surface balances of agricultural plots. This study aims to quantify such losses, and assess the implications of these emissions against the background of calculated partial C and N balances. To this end, CO2, NH3, and N2O soil emissions from carrot, hay, and rye plots were measured by a portable ...
Aufsatz
Solid Fuel Production from Semi-Natural Grassland Biomass - Results from a Commercial-Scale IFBB Plant
(2018-11-01)
Biomass-based energy accounts for a notable share of renewable heat and electricity generation in Germany. Due to limited alternative uses, biomass obtained from management of semi-natural grasslands is a potential feedstock. Technical and environmental limitations exist in using this biomass for combustion, due to the presence of harmful elements. Converting biomass using integrated generation of solid fuel and biogas from biomass system (IFBB) produces a solid fuel with lower concentrations of harmful elements and ...
Aufsatz
Development of a Sensory Method to Detect Food-Elicited Emotions Using Emotion-Color Association and Eye-Tracking
(2019-06-18)
Studying consumers’ implicit emotions has been always described as a difficult and a complicated mission due to the emotions being of a non-cognitive nature. This research aims to develop a new method based on emotion-color association (ECA) to detect consumer’s implicit food-elicited emotions using an eye-tracker tool. The study was accomplished in two experiments. The first experiment intended to build a new color scale based on the emotion-color association using the eye-tracking method and a self-reported ...
Aufsatz
Unfolded Protein Response Suppression in Yeast by Loss of tRNA Modifications
(2018-10-23)
Modifications in the anticodon loop of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) have been shown to ensure optimal codon translation rates and prevent protein homeostasis defects that arise in response to translational pausing. Consequently, several yeast mutants lacking important anticodon loop modifications were shown to accumulate protein aggregates. Here we analyze whether this includes the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), which is commonly triggered by protein aggregation within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We ...
Aufsatz
Distributed Practice: Rarely Realized in Self-Regulated Mathematical Learning
(2018-11-20)
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect and use of distributed practice in the context of self-regulated mathematical learning in high school. With distributed practice, a fixed learning duration is spread over several sessions, whereas with massed practice, the same time is spent learning in one session. Distributed practice has been proven to be an effective tool for improving long-term retention of verbal material and simple procedural knowledge in mathematics, at least when the practice ...