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Aufsatz
Genetic diversity and the application of runs of homozygosity-based methods for inbreeding estimation in German Whiteheaded Mutton sheep
(2021-05-06)
The German White-headed Mutton (GWM) sheep is a monitoring population believed to have been improved through crosses with other breeds, e.g., Texel (TXL) and French Berrichone du Cher (BDC). The primary aim of the study was to analyse genetic diversity and breed composition of GWM sheep. Furthermore, different measures of computing inbreeding from the runs of homozygosity (ROH) were investigated. Data for GWM consisted of pedigree information on 19,000 animals and 40,753 quality filtered SNPs on 46 individuals. ...
Aufsatz
The organic mindset: insights from a mixed methods grounded theory (MM-GT) study into organic food systems
(2021-04-23)
A broad understanding of food systems includes a complex web of activities, outcomes and drivers, encompassing not only the food and agriculture sectors, but also the social norms and cultures in which those activities are embedded. The organic food and farming movement has lately been portrayed as a food system of its own right, since it contains all necessary sub-systems, consisting of food environments, distribution networks, processing, as well as production and supply, all of which are bounded by an organic ...
Aufsatz
Soil N₂O flux and nitrification and denitrification gene responses to feed-induced differences in the composition of dairy cow faeces
(2021-05-17)
Faeces from cows with different milk yield and non-lactating cows were applied to soil to investigate whether soil N₂O efflux is related to feeding-induced differences in faecal microbiome and abundances of nitrification and denitrification genes. Fungal 18S-rRNA gene abundance was the highest in the faeces of the non-lactating group. The 18S-rRNA/ergosterol ratio showed a strong positive correlation with the 18S-rRNA/fungal glucosamine ratio. The milk-yield groups did not affect the gene abundances of bacterial 16S ...
Aufsatz
An Overview of the Use of Genotyping Techniques for Assessing Genetic Diversity in Local Farm Animal Breeds
(2021-07-06)
The number of local farm animal breeds is declining worldwide. However, these breeds have different degrees of genetic diversity. Measuring genetic diversity is important for the development of conservation strategies and, therefore, various genomic analysis techniques are available. The aim of the present work was to shed light on the use of these techniques in diversity studies of local breeds. In summary, a total of 133 worldwide studies that examined genetic diversity in local cattle, sheep, goat, chicken and pig ...
Aufsatz
How and why does the attitude-behavior gap differ between product categories of sustainable food? Analysis of organic food purchases based on household panel data
(2021-02-16)
Organic agriculture promotes the transformation toward sustainability because of positive effects for the environment. The organic label on food products enables consumers to make more sustainable purchasing decisions. Although the global market for organic food has grown rapidly in recent years, only a part of the organic product range benefits from this positive trend. To develop the organic market further, it is important
to understand the food-related values and attitudes that drive the purchase of organic food. ...
Aufsatz
Feed Quality and Feeding Level Effects on Faecal Composition in East African Cattle Farming Systems
(2021-02-22)
Simple Summary
Sub-Saharan cattle are often exposed to a feed reduction caused by a seasonal lack of forage, which was investigated in the first experiment. The supplementation of roughage-based diets with sweet potato vine silage and urea molasses blocks is recommended to improve the growth of heifers, in particular, which was investigated in the second experiment. Across all data, the fungal C/bacterial C ratio was positively related to nitrogen and negatively to neutral detergent fiber concentrations in feces. ...
Aufsatz
Exploring external factors affecting the intention-behavior gap when trying to adopt a sustainable diet: a think aloud study
(2021-02-19)
Not least from an ecological and health perspective, it can be posited that a broader part of consumers should practice sustainable diets. People who are already willing to do so are often confronted with the intention-behavior gap, caused by a range of internal and external factors. To eliminate these barriers requires a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of these factors and their interplay. Therefore, a think aloud study with 20 adult German participants was conducted to explore the four chosen external ...
Aufsatz
Suitability of Slower Growing Commercial Turkey Strains for Organic Husbandry in Terms of Animal Welfare and Performance
(2021-01-06)
Intensive turkey production with fast growing strains is often critically discussed regarding animal welfare problems. Studies evaluating the welfare status of both organic and less intensive selected turkey strains are limited, except in the slightly slower growing Kelly Broad Breast Bronze (Kelly). The aim of this study was to assess the welfare of turkeys from two strains with further decreased growth rate, Hockenhull Large Bronze (HoBr) and Hockenhull Black (HoBl), in comparison to Kelly under commercial organic ...
Aufsatz
A Novel Real Time PCR Method for the Detection and Quantification of Didymella pinodella in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Plant Hosts
(2021-12-31)
Didymella pinodella is the major pathogen of the pea root rot complex in Europe. This wide host range pathogen often asymptomatically colonizes its hosts, making the control strategies challenging. We developed a real-time PCR assay for the detection and quantification of D. pinodella based on the TEF-1 alpha gene sequence alignments. The assay was tested for specificity on a 54-isolate panel representing 35 fungal species and further validated in symptomatic and asymptomatic pea and wheat roots from greenhouse tests. ...
Aufsatz
Effects of mucilage concentration at different water contents on mechanical stability and elasticity in a loamy and a sandy soil
(2021-10-26)
Mucilage released by plant roots affects hydrological and mechanical properties of the rhizosphere. The aim of this study was to disentangle the effects of the factors mucilage and soil moisture on a range of soil mechanical parameters in a sand and a loam. Both substrates were homogenised and filled into cylinders at bulk densities (ρb) of 1.26 and 1.47 g cm−³ for loam and sand, respectively. Chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.) mucilage concentrations of 0, 0.02, 0.2 and 2 g dry mucilage kg−¹ dry soil were tested at ...