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Exploring eco-industrial development in the global south: recognizing informal waste-picking as urban-industrial symbiosis?
(2023-05-23)
Industrial ecology (IE) is discussed as a suitable approach to resolve three widespread socio-ecological problems in the so-called global south: waste accumulation, unemployment, and lack of adequate housing. As the IE framework was developed mainly in the global north, its applicability in the global south is uncertain. The issue is discussed along the use of municipal waste as building materials as a concrete application of circular economy (CE) and IE principles, which could contribute to the alleviation of the ...
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Optimization of the bicinchoninic acid assay for quantifying carbohydrates of soil extracellular polymeric substances
(2023-12-23)
Background and aims
The bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method was not yet applied on soil extracts of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to quantify polysaccharides, although this might be possible by introducing a cleavage step to produce monosaccharides. A pre-extraction with CaCl₂ to remove interfering substances is usually performed before extracting EPS. The main objective of this study was to optimize the BCA assay for total carbohydrates quantification by applying a hydrolysis step to the EPS extracts, while ...
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The Effect of Pre-Drying Treatment and Drying Conditions on Quality and Energy Consumption of Hot Air-Dried Celeriac Slices: Optimisation
(2021-07-29)
Celeriac is a good source of fibre, trace minerals, and phenolic compounds; it has a pleasant aroma but is a perishable material, prone to discolouration. This research investigated the optimisation of the quality and energy demand in hot-air dried celeriac slices. The experiment utilised the I-optimal design of response surface methodology with 30 experiment runs. Pre-drying treatments (blanching at 85 °C, three minutes; dipping in 1% citric acid solution, three minutes; no pre-drying treatment), drying temperatures ...
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Ammonium fertilization increases pearl millet yield by promoting early root growth, higher tillering, and water use during grain filling in a low P Sahelian soil
(2020-12-01)
Background: Adaptation of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] to low soil phosphorus (P) at early seedling stages and efficient P fertilizer application are crucial for its survival in the West African Sahel. While addition of NH+4-N to P in the microdose technique has been reported to stimulate early growth of pearl millet, there is little information regarding root length (RL) at different timings.
Aims: Our study aimed at assessing the effects of added NH+4-N and NO−3-Nto P on (1) pearl millet agronomic ...
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Modelling the fate of pesticide transformation products from plot to catchment scale—state of knowledge and future challenges
(2021-07-29)
Transformation products (TP) of pesticides are found everywhere in the aquatic environment. Their dynamic formation and subsequent transport from agricultural fields to adjacent water bodies can be estimated by using environmental fate models, which is done in the registration process for plant protection products in the European Union. In this study, peer-reviewed applications of such models, the model complexity and their structure are documented and analysed. In total, 20 publications of 10 models – eight leaching ...
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Review on the Prevalence and Persistence of Neuromyths in Education – Where We Stand and What Is Still Needed
(2021-07-21)
The buzzword brain-based learning emerged in the 1970s and continues to fascinate teachers and learners in schools and universities today. However, what interested teachers often fail to realize is that brain-based or brain-friendly learning can not only be a plausible concept, but also a myth when applied incorrectly. Numerous empirical studies reveal a high degree of support for misconceptions about learning and the brain, known as neuromyths, among both pre-service and in-service teachers. When applied in the ...
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Velocity-Dependent Perception Threshold for Discrete Imperceptible Repositioning in a Virtual Environment During Eye Blinks
(2021-07-02)
In this study, the relationship between a person’s walking speed and the perception threshold for discrete implicit repositioning during eyeblinks in a virtual environment is investigated. The aim is to estimate the perception thresholds for forward and backward repositioning during forward translation following eyeblink occurrences. A psychophysical method called Staircase Transformed and Weighted up/down is utilized to quantify the perception thresholds for forward and backward repositioning. The perception thresholds ...
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Geometric morphometric analysis of spore shapes improves identification of fungi
(2021-08-05)
Morphology of organisms is an essential source of evidence for taxonomic decisions and understanding of ecology and evolutionary history. The geometric structure (i.e., numeric description of shape) provides richer and mathematically different information about an organism’s morphology than linear measurements. A little is known on how these two sources of morphological information (shape vs. size) contribute to the identification of organisms when implied simultaneously. This study hypothesized that combining geometric ...
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Effect of full-sib and S2-selection on a sweet corn population (Zea mays convar. saccharata)
(2024-04-26)
Sweet corn breeding goals differ from grain or silage corn. Sweet corn goals focus on marketable yield including several quality traits. This study explores the effect of a single cycle of full-sib selection and S2 selection on improving the marketable yield of an open-pollinated sweet corn population. The selected populations were subsequently compared in four environments for several plant-, yield- and quality traits relative to the original population. Analysis of variance was used to detect selection progress and ...
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Fluoropyrimidines trigger decay of hypomodified tRNA in yeast
(2024-06-10)
Therapeutic fluoropyrimidines 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) are in long use for treatment of human cancers and severe invasive fungal infections, respectively. 5-Fluorouridine triphosphate represents a bioactive metabolite of both drugs and is incorporated into target cells’ RNA. Here we use the model fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae to define fluorinated tRNA as a key mediator of 5-FU and 5-FC cytotoxicity when specific tRNA methylations are absent. tRNA methylation deficiency caused by loss of ...