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Dissertation
Cleanliness versus cow comfort – an insolvable problem?
(2012-02-27)
Cubicle should provide good resting comfort as well as clean udders. Dairy cows in cubicle houses often face a restrictive environment with regard to resting behaviour, whereas cleanliness may still be impaired. This study aimed to determine reliable behavioural measures regarding resting comfort applicable in on-farm welfare assessments. Furthermore, relationships between cubicle design, cow sizes, management factors and udder cleanliness (namely teats and teat tips) were investigated.
Altogether 15 resting measures ...
Dissertation
The role of ligneous vegetation for livestock nutrition in the sub-Sahelian and Sudanian zones of West Africa: Potential effects of climate change
(2012-12-07)
Climate change and variability in sub-Saharan West Africa is expected to have negative consequences for crop and livestock farming due to the strong dependence of these sectors on rainfall and natural resources, and the low adaptive capacity of crops farmers, agro-pastoralist and pastoralists in the region. The objective of this PhD research was to investigate the anticipated impacts of expected future climate change and variability on nutrition and grazing management of livestock in the prevailing extensive agro-pastoral ...
Aufsatz
Successful rescue and field establishment of native banana varieties severely affected by rhizome rot
(Kassel University Press, 2012)
Rhizome rot disease caused by Erwinia spp. is emerging as a major problem in banana nurseries and young plantations worldwide. Management of the disease is possible only in the initial stages of development. Currently no method is available for rescuing plant material already infected with this pathogen. A total of 95 Nanjanagud Rasabale and 212 Elakki Bale suckers were collected from different growing regions of Karnataka, India. During nursery maintenance of these lines, severe Erwinia infection was noticed. We ...
Aufsatz
Effect of rural transportation system on agricultural productivity in Oyo State, Nigeria
(Kassel University Press, 2012)
Food farming in Oyo North, Nigeria is characterised by an increasing use of Intermediary Mode of Transportation (IMT) to ease inputs and outputs mobility and farm access. To assess the influence on food farmer’s productivity, a random sample of 230 respondents was selected and data collected on their socio-economic and farm specific characteristics. Descriptive statistics, Herfindhal Index and Technical Efficiency Approach were used to analyse the data. The results indicate that majority of food farmers were in their ...
Aufsatz
Producers’ motivation for collective action for kola production and marketing in Cameroon
(Kassel University Press, 2012)
Collective action has been used as a strategy to improve the benefits of smallholder producers of kola nuts in Cameroon. Despite demonstrated benefits, not all producers are involved in the collective action. The presented study used a modified Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) namely the Collective Action Behaviour model (CAB model) to analyse kola producers’ motivation for collective action activities. Five hypotheses are formulated and tested using data obtained from 185 farmers who are involved in kola production ...
Aufsatz
Comparison of different methods in estimating potential evapotranspiration at Muda Irrigation Scheme of Malaysia
(Kassel University Press, 2012)
Evapotranspiration (ET) is a complex process in the hydrological cycle that influences the quantity of runoff and thus the irrigation water requirements. Numerous methods have been developed to estimate potential evapotranspiration (PET). Unfortunately, most of the reliable PET methods are parameter rich models and therefore, not feasible for application in data scarce regions. On the other hand, accuracy and reliability of simple PET models vary widely according to regional climate conditions. The objective of the ...
Aufsatz
Yield gap analysis and assessment of climate-induced yield trends of irrigated rice in selected provinces of the Philippines
(Kassel University Press, 2012)
This study describes a combined empirical/modeling approach to assess the possible impact of climate variability on rice production in the Philippines. We collated climate data of the last two decades (1985-2002) as well as yield statistics of six provinces of the Philippines, selected along a North-South gradient. Data from the climate information system of NASA were used as input parameters of the model ORYZA2000 to determine potential yields and, in the next steps, the yield gaps defined as the difference between ...
Aufsatz
Varying the dietary supply of C and N to manipulate the manure composition of water buffalo heifers in Oman
(Kassel University Press, 2012)
Optimizing the composition of manure has the potential to reduce nutrient losses to the environment and to increase crop yields. In this study the effect of dietary ratios of carbon (C) to nitrogen (N) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) to soluble carbohydrates (SC) on faeces composition of water buffalo heifers was assessed. Two digestibility trials were conducted with 12 animals each, fed one control and four test diets composed to achieve (1) high C/N and high NDF/SC ratios (HH), (2) low C/N and low NDF/SC ratios ...
Aufsatz
Swamp buffalo keeping – an out-dated farming activity? A case study in smallholder farming systems in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, PR China
(Kassel University Press, 2012)
Expansion of rubber tree plantations and agricultural mechanization caused a decline of swamp buffalo numbers in the Naban River National Nature Reserve (NRNNR), Yunnan Province, China. We analysed current use of buffaloes for field work and the recent development of the regional buffalo population, based on interviews with 184 farmers in 2007/2008 and discussions with 62 buffalo keepers in 2009. Three types of NRNNR farms were distinguished, differing mainly in altitude, area under rubber, and involvement in livestock ...
Dissertation
Substrate Conformal Imprint Lithography als innovatives Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nanospektrometern im sichtbaren Spektralbereich
(2012-07-16)
Selbstbestimmung und -gestaltung des eigenen Alltages gewinnen immer mehr an Bedeutung, insbesondere für ältere Mitmenschen in ländlichen Regionen, die auf ärztliche Versorgung angewiesen sind. Die Schaffung sogenannter smart personal environments mittels einer Vielzahl von, nahezu unsichtbar installierten Sensoren im gewohnten Lebensraum liefert dem Anwender (lebens-) notwendige Informationen über seine Umgebung oder seinen eigenen Körper. Dabei gilt es nicht den Anwender mit technischen Daten, wie Spektren, zu ...