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Weak and strong bi-material interfaces and their influence on propagating cracks in plane elastic structures
(2017-09-06)
The developing crack paths in heterogeneous structures are the result of the inhomogeneous state of stress. The latter stems from e.g. voids or inclusions in an elastic matrix, which are bonded either by strong or weak interfaces. Besides the stiffness of an inclusion, the kind of interface has a decisive influence on the state of stress and therefore on propagating cracks. It is experimentally proven that cracks tend to grow towards regions with lower stiffness (Tilbrook et al., 2006; Judt et al., 2015), therefore ...
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Implementing Distributed Practice in Statistics Courses: Benefits for Retention and Transfer
(2020-11-18)
The present study investigated the effect of distributed versus crammed practice before a course deadline on the retention and transfer of knowledge, and whether learner characteristics moderate the effect. In Experiment 1, only 41% (N = 38) of the initially enrolled students worked the voluntary but recommended practice tasks. Moreover, markedly fewer students did so in the distributed condition (12%) than the crammed practice condition (29%). In Experiment 2, working the practice tasks was mandatory and more students ...
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Optimising beekeeping development programs for improved productivity, income and welfare: a case study of Papua New Guinea
(2020-10-19)
Beekeeping can provide important sources of cash income for farmers in developing countries where land is unconducive to crop and livestock production systems. In many low-income countries however, attrition among beekeeping adopters remains a chronic problem, colony losses are high, support for and coordination of the sector is low, and practices, production and income from beekeeping is often inefficient. This study investigated the key drivers and practices influencing incomes from beekeeping, honey production and ...
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Die Erfassung gesellschaftlicher Barrieren und Unterstützungsfaktoren - Vorschläge zur Weiterentwicklung der ICF
(2012-02)
Wie kann die Partizipation behinderter Menschen in der Gesellschaft erhöht werden? Hierzu sollte das Verhältnis zwischen dem einzelnen Menschen und seiner Umwelt, also zwischen Individuum und Gesellschaft, in den Blick genommen werden. Wie kann die gesellschaftliche Umwelt so verändert werden, dass behinderte Menschen vollständig an der Gesellschaft partizipieren können? Zieht man die Internationale Behinderungsklassifikation (ICF) der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) heran, so muss erst einmal die Umwelt und damit ...
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Nachbarschaftliche Hilfen
(2015)
57 der 106 im Zeitraum von 2000 bis 2011 in der Rechtsform der Genossenschaft realisierten gemeinschaftlichen Wohnprojekte verfolgen einen Mehrgenerationenansatz (vgl. BBSR 2012). „Diese Rechtsform stellt für gemeinschaftliche Ansätze den stimmigen Rahmen dar, weil sie auf Gemeinschaftseigentum und den genossenschaftlichen Prinzipien Selbsthilfe, Selbstbestimmung und Selbstverwaltung beruht“ (BBSR 2014: 36). Mit dem zunehmenden Engagement von (Bestands-)Genossenschaften in einem zuvor von Eigentumsprojekten dominierten ...
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Forage biomass availability, species diversity and seasonal variation in grazing behaviour of cattle in the outskirts of Ouagadougou
(2020-10-14)
In order to determine the exploitation of grazing areas in the outskirts of Ouagadougou by cattle herds, the grazing behaviour of cows was monitored in five villages in these during three distinct seasons, namely wet, cool dry and hot dry season. A vegetation study including a census of the woody and herbaceous stratum of grazing areas allowed for an assessment of the pasture biomass availability during the wet season. Results of the monitoring of cattle herds showed that the land type grazed by cattle in the outskirts ...
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Signal based non-intrusive load decomposition
(2019-05-29)
Driven by both regulatory and monetary interests the development of energy monitoring systems has been accelerated in recent years. Thus, a large amount of data is collected and stored in huge databases. This is a decisive step towards sustainable production systems since you can’t improve what you don’t know. This paper aims to use the datasets currently available and to combine databases to gather additional information on production systems, in particular energy flows. Therefore, an algorithm has been developed ...
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Integrated bioenergy and food production
(2015)
Rising global energy needs and limited fossil fuel reserves have led to increased use of renewable energies. In Germany, this has entailed massive exploitation of agricultural biomass for biogas generation, associated with unsustainable farming practices. Organic agriculture not only reduces negative environmental impacts, organic farmers were also prime movers in anaerobic digestion (AD) in Germany. This study’s aim was to identify the structure, development, and characteristics of biogas production associated with ...
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Factors that affect primary school children’s sustainable behavior in a resource dilemma
(2019)
Acting ecologically sustainably and not exhausting natural resources is becoming more and more important. Sustainable behavior can be investigated within the conceptual frame of resource dilemmas, in which users share a common, slowly regenerating resource. A conflict emerges between maximizing one’s own profit and maintaining the resource for all users. Although many studies have investigated adults’ behavior in resource dilemmas, barely anything is known about how children deal with such situations and which factors ...
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Mental rotation and the human body: Children's inflexible use of embodiment mirrors that of adults
(2018)
Adults’ mental rotation performance with body‐like stimuli is enhanced if these stimuli are anatomically compatible with a human body, but decreased by anatomically incompatible stimuli. In this study, we investigated these effects for kindergartners and first‐graders: When asked to mentally rotate cube configurations attached with human body parts in an anatomically compatible way, allowing for the projection of a human body, children performed better than with pure cube combinations. By contrast, when body parts ...