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Aufsatz
The development of emotional and behavioral self-regulation and their effects on academic achievement in childhood
(2017-01-10)
Self-regulation is an essential ability of children to cope with various developmental challenges. This study examines the developmental interplay between emotional and behavioral self-regulation during childhood and the relationship with academic achievement using data from the longitudinal Millennium Cohort Study (UK). Using cross-lagged panel analyses, we found that emotional and behavioral self-regulation were separate and stable constructs. In addition, both emotional and behavioral self-regulation had positive ...
Dissertation
Sound Matters
(2021-08)
Language sounds, i.e., phonemes, are believed not to bear any meaning themselves, only at the word level, meaning is created. However, numerous studies over the past 100 years have revealed iconic relationships, i.e., a certain fit, between language sounds and word meanings, with regard to several semantic dimensions, such as size, shape, brightness, or distance. This suggests iconicity as a functional mechanism in language. To examine the underlying cognitive processes, a holistic operationalization of iconicity in ...
Aufsatz
Implementing Distributed Practice in Statistics Courses: Benefits for Retention and Transfer
(2020-11-18)
The present study investigated the effect of distributed versus crammed practice before a course deadline on the retention and transfer of knowledge, and whether learner characteristics moderate the effect. In Experiment 1, only 41% (N = 38) of the initially enrolled students worked the voluntary but recommended practice tasks. Moreover, markedly fewer students did so in the distributed condition (12%) than the crammed practice condition (29%). In Experiment 2, working the practice tasks was mandatory and more students ...
Dissertation
How to promote relational processing while learning with expository texts
(2020-11)
Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit besteht darin, Empfehlungen zu geben, wie man die Inferenzbildung beim Lesen von expositorischen Texten fördern kann. Wir haben zwei Lernmethoden konzipiert, um die tiefe Verarbeitung (insbesondere) bei schwachen Lesern zu fördern – Verschachteln von Informations-einheiten und Generieren kausaler Kohäsion. Beide Lernmethoden sollten die Sichtbarkeit von Kohäsionslücken erhöhen und die Abhängigkeit vom domänenspezifischen Vorwissen beim Schließen dieser Lücken reduzieren.
Verschachteln ...
Aufsatz
Caught in the Act: Predicting Cheating in Unproctored Knowledge Assessment
(2020-05-20)
Cheating is a serious threat in unproctored ability assessment, irrespective of countermeasures taken, anticipated consequences (high vs. low stakes), and test modality (paper-pencil vs. computer-based). In the present study, we examined the power of (a) self-report-based indicators (i.e., Honesty-Humility and Overclaiming scales), (b) test data (i.e., performance with extremely difficult items), and (c) para data (i.e., reaction times, switching between browser tabs) to predict participants’ cheating behavior. To ...
Aufsatz
Children’s use of number line estimation strategies
(2015-03-22)
This study tested whether second graders use benchmark-based strategies when solving a number line estimation (NLE) task. Participants were assigned to one of three conditions based on the availability of benchmarks provided on the number line. In the bounded condition, number lines were only bounded at both sides by 0 and 200, while the midpoint condition included an additional benchmark at the midpoint and children in the quartile condition were provided with a benchmark at every quartile. First, the inclusion of ...
Aufsatz
Different forms of life satisfaction and their relation to affectivity
(2016-05-03)
Aims: The present study is aimed at studying the research question whether high satisfaction levels achieved through either (1) the fact that one's quality of life is truly satisfactory (i.e., stabilized life satisfaction) or through (2) adapting a more favorable perception of one's quality of life by lowering standards (i.e., resigned life satisfaction) are associated with different levels of positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) when compared to each other but also when compared to dissatisfied individuals.
Case ...
Aufsatz
Relationships between Motor and Executive Functions and the Effect of an Acute Coordinative Intervention on Executive Functions in Kindergartners
(2017-05-30)
There is growing evidence indicating positive, causal effects of acute physical activity on cognitive performance of school children, adolescents, and adults. However, only a few studies examined these effects in kindergartners, even though correlational studies suggest moderate relationships between motor and cognitive functions in this age group. One aim of the present study was to examine the correlational relationships between motor and executive functions among 5- to 6-year-olds. Another aim was to test whether ...
Aufsatz
Equivalence of Reading and Listening Comprehension Across Test Media
(2011-09-28)
Whether an ability test delivered on either paper or computer provides the same information is an important question in applied psychometrics. Besides the validity, it is also the fairness of a measure that is at stake if the test medium affects performance. This study provides a comprehensive review of existing equivalence research in the field of reading and listening comprehension in English as a foreign language and specifies factors that are likely to have an impact on equivalence. Taking into account these ...
Aufsatz
Social Loafing in the Refugee Crisis: Information about Existing Initiatives Decreases Willingness to Help
(2017-05-11)
In light of the European refugee situation, we investigate how information about others’ support influences individuals’ willingness to help. When individuals see information about other people supporting refugees, they may either be influenced by a descriptive norm, and act accordingly. Alternatively, they may perceive that others are already doing the job, and thus engage in social loafing. In an experiment (N = 132), we tested these competing predictions. Specifically, participants were exposed to a map of Germany ...