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German Professors’ Motivation to Act as Peer Reviewers in Accreditation and Evaluation Procedures
(2021-01-09)
Acting as a reviewer is considered a substantial part of the role-bundle of the academic profession (quality assurance (QA) and quality enhancement (QE) role). Research literature about peer review, for example, for journals and grants, shows that acting as a peer reviewer adds to an academic’s reputation. However, little is known about academics’ motivation to act as reviewers. Based on self-determination theory, the multidimensional work motivation scale (Gagné et al. 2015) is used for a survey of German professors ...
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Exploiting ferroelectric and ferroelastic effects in piezoelectric energy harvesting: theoretical studies and parameter optimization
(2021-02-18)
While piezoelectric energy harvesting typically focuses on converting mechanical into electrical energy on the basis of the linear reversible piezoelectric effect, the potential of exploiting the non-linear ferroelectric effect is investigated theoretically in this paper. Due to its dissipative nature, domain switching, on the one hand, is basically avoided in order to prevent mechanical energy from being converted into heat. However, the electrical output, on the other hand, is augmented due to the increased change ...
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Developing Preliminary Scales for Assessing the HiTOP Detachment Spectrum
(2021-06-06)
The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is an empirical-based classification of psychopathology. Detachment is one of the six spectra in the current HiTOP working model. The aim of this study was to develop preliminary scales for the HiTOP Detachment spectrum that can be used in the next phase of developing a comprehensive measure of HiTOP. We had 456 participants from MTurk (Sample 1) and 266 university students (Sample 2) complete an online survey including a pool of 247 Detachment items assessing 15 ...
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Bygones in a public project
(2021-03-10)
The experimental literature suggests that contributions to a public good made dynamically, over multiple stages are higher than contributions made in a static setting, even when players do not receive feedback about co-players’ previous contributions between stages. Because the dynamic setting without feedback is strategically equivalent to the static one, this finding is puzzling. One important difference between the two settings, however, is that the dynamic setting gives the opportunity to sink contributions while ...
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On the Expressive Power of Stateless Ordered Restart-Delete Automata
(2021-03-13)
Stateless ordered restart-delete automata (stl-ORD-automata) are studied. These are obtained from the stateless ordered restarting automata (stl-ORWW-automata) by introducing an additional restart-delete operation, which, based on the surrounding context, deletes a single letter. While the stl-ORWW-automata accept the regular languages, we show that the swift stl-ORD-automata yield a characterization for the class of context-free languages. Here a stl-ORD-automaton is called swift if it can move its window to any ...
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Importance of sources of variability, scales and experimental design: A case study about the effects of biochar and slurry application on soil properties in agricultural silty loam soils
(2021-04-17)
In designed experiments, different sources of variability and an adequate scale of measurement need to be considered, but not all approaches in common usage are equally valid. In order to elucidate the importance of sources of variability and choice of scale, we conducted an experiment where the effects of biochar and slurry applications on soil properties related to soil fertility were studied for different designs: (a) for a field-scale sampling design with either a model soil (without natural variability) as an ...
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Null and Void? Errors in Meta-analysis on Perceptual Disfluency and Recommendations to Improve Meta-analytical Reproducibility
(2021-02-03)
In the 2018 meta-analysis of Educational Psychology Review entitled “Null effects of perceptual disfluency on learning outcomes in a text-based educational context” by Xie, Zhou, and Liu, we identify some errors and inconsistencies in both the methodological approach and the reported results regarding coding and effect sizes. While from a technical point of view the meta-analysis aligns with current meta-analytical guidelines (e.g., PRISMA) and conforms to general meta-analytical requirements (e.g., considering ...
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Augmented-Reality-basierte Assistenz für das Anlernen manueller und roboterunterstützter Montageprozesse
(2021-10-14)
Durch eine zunehmend flexibilisierte Produktion und relativ hohe Personalfluktuation bei einfachen Tätigkeiten wird das Anlernen neuer Mitarbeitender bzw. für neue oder geänderte Produktionsprozesse zunehmend relevanter. Konventionelle Anlernmethoden, bspw. durch Demonstration oder Arbeitspläne, haben Schwächen (bspw. binden sie zusätzliche Arbeitskraft oder sind kognitiv anspruchsvoll), die durch ein Augmented-Reality-(AR-)basiertes Assistenzsystem kompensiert werden können. Ein AR-Assistenzsystem zum Anlernen eines ...
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Distributed Energy Balance Flux Modelling of Mass Balances in the Artesonraju Glacier and Discharge in the Basin of Artesoncocha, Cordillera Blanca, Peru
(2021-09-17)
A distributed energy balance model (DEBAM) is applied to estimate the mass balance of the Artesonraju glacier in the Cordillera Blanca (CB), Peru, and to simulate the ensuing discharge into its respective basin, Artesoncocha. The energy balance model calibrations show that, by using seasonal albedos, reasonable results for mass balances and discharge can be obtained, as witnessed by annually aggregated Nash Sutcliffe coefficients (E) of 0.60–0.87 for discharge and of 0.58–0.71 for mass measurements carried out in the ...
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Heavy Metal Levels in Milk and Cheese Produced in the Kvemo Kartli Region, Georgia
(2021-09-21)
Milk and dairy products are among the most important food sectors in Georgia, and milk is considered one of the most essential foods in the human diet according to Georgian food culture. Kvemo Kartli is one of the major regions in Georgia for milk production. This region suffers from heavy metal contamination in soil and water because of the mining industry. This study was conducted to determine the concentrations of cadmium, lead, iron, zinc, copper, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, selenium and molybdenum in ...