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Aufsatz
Evidence of considerable C and N transfer from peas to cereals via direct root contact but not via mycorrhiza
(2021-06-01)
Intercropping of legumes and cereals is an important management method for improving yield stability, especially in organic farming systems. However, knowledge is restricted on the relevance of different nutrient transfer pathways. The objective of the study was to quantify nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) transfer from peas to triticale by (1) direct root contact (= R), (2) arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF; = A), and (3) diffusion (= D). Pea (Pisum sativum cv. Frisson and P2) and triticale (Triticum × Secale cv. Benetto) ...
Aufsatz
Single-atom heat engine as a sensitive thermal probe
(2020-09-09)
We propose employing a quantum heat engine as a sensitive probe for thermal baths. In particular, we study a single-atom Otto engine operating in an open thermodynamic cycle. Owing to its cyclic nature, the engine is capable of translating small temperature differences between two baths into a macroscopic oscillation in a flywheel. We present analytical and numerical modeling of the quantum dynamics of the engine and estimate it to be capable of detecting temperature differences as small as 2 μK. This sensitivity can ...
Aufsatz
Microstructural and mechanical properties of dissimilar nitinol and stainless steel wire joints produced by micro electron beam welding without filler material
(2020-09-18)
Nitinol is a shape memory and superelastic alloy, respectively, and stainless steels are widely used materials in medical engineering, e.g., for implants and medical instruments. However, due to its high price and poor machinability, there is a high demand for dissimilar welding of nitinol components to stainless steel. During welding of titanium-containing alloys, like nitinol, to ferrous metals like stainless steel, intermetallic phases between titanium and iron may form. These phases are brittle and lead to rapid ...
Aufsatz
Deutungen von Bildung frühpädagogischer Fachkräfte
(2021-08-20)
Kindertageseinrichtungen gelten als Bildungsinstitutionen und leisten einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Gestaltung des Aufwachsens von Kindern in Deutschland. Dabei spielen die frühpädagogischen Fachkräfte als Gestalter_innen und Ermöglicher_innen von Bildungsprozessen für Kinder eine entscheidende Rolle. Der Beitrag nimmt ihre Vorstellungen von Bildung und worauf sich diese gründen in den Blick.
Aufsatz
Detecting Careless Responding in Survey Data Using Stochastic Gradient Boosting
(2021-04-19)
Careless responding is a bias in survey responses that disregards the actual item content, constituting a threat to the factor structure, reliability, and validity of psychological measurements. Different approaches have been proposed to detect aberrant responses such as probing questions that directly assess test-taking behavior (e.g., bogus items), auxiliary or paradata (e.g., response times), or data-driven statistical techniques (e.g., Mahalanobis distance). In the present study, gradient boosted trees, a ...
Aufsatz
Tensions in sustainable warehousing: including the blue-collar perspective on automation and ergonomic workplace design
(2020-05-14)
In many industrial countries, demographic changes towards an aging society go hand in hand with the need for ergonomic workplaces. Therefore, it is necessary to rethink workplace designs and work processes, particularly in industrial professions, such as logistics. As logistics activities are still characterized by a high amount of manual effort, they represent a suitable field for gaining empirical insights into the implementation of automation and ergonomic practices to inform social sustainable warehousing logistics ...
Aufsatz
Smallholders’ Challenges: Realizing Peri-Urban Opportunities in Bengaluru
(2021-09-10)
Urban expansion creates potential for increased incomes among previously rural smallholders from sources other than traditional agriculture. Harnessing this potential, however, requires investments into agricultural upgrading or non-farm activities. The article addresses the question concerning to what extent these investments are realised in the peri-urban space of Bengaluru. Its answers are based on a review of the literature and extensive field surveys in two differentially developed districts assessing the ...
Aufsatz
Different Visualizations Cause Different Strategies When Dealing With Bayesian Situations
(2020-08-21)
People often struggle with Bayesian reasoning. However, previous research showed that people’s performance (and rationality) can be supported by the way the statistical information is represented. First, research showed that using natural frequencies instead of probabilities as the format of statistical information significantly increases people’s performance in Bayesian situations. Second, research also revealed that people’s performance increases through using visualization. We have built our paper on existing ...
Aufsatz
Perceptions of Vegan Food among Organic Food Consumers Following Different Diets
(2021-08-31)
This article identifies consumer segments for vegan food by analysing perceptions of vegan food among food organic consumers following different diets: vegans, vegetarians, former vegetarians, flexitarians, and omnivores. The analysis is based on responses to a quantitative consumer survey for which 503 participants were recruited from customers at German grocery stores by quota sampling according to diet and region. From the responses to an open-ended question eliciting the participants’ associations with vegan food, ...
Aufsatz
Combining Genetic Gain and Diversity in Plant Breeding: Heritability of Root Selection in Wheat Populations
(2021-11-18)
To increase the resilience of agroecological farming systems against weeds, pests, and pathogens, evolutionary breeding of diversified crop populations is highly promising. A fundamental challenge in population breeding is to combine effective selection and breeding progress while maintaining intraspecific diversity. A hydroponic system was tested for its suitability to non-destructively select root traits on a population level in order to achieve genetic gain and maintain diversity. Forty wheat progenies were selected ...