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Hot Work Tool Steel Processed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion: A Review on Most Relevant Influencing Factors
(2021-03-26)
As a representative of a common carbon-bearing hot work tool steel AISI H13 is in focus of the present review paper. Most relevant details for processing of AISI H13 by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) are systematically investigated. Three common stages of process parameter development and material assessment, respectively, are in focus: general processibility, process refinement, and deduction of process–microstructure–property relations, i.e., understanding of the interplay of relevant elementary mechanisms. On the ...
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Long‐term vegetation changes in Nardus grasslands indicate eutrophication, recovery from acidification, and management change as the main drivers
(2020-07-08)
Questions
Which trends and patterns of community change occurred in Nardus grasslands over recent decades in parts of the Continental biogeographic region of Germany? Are patterns and trends consistent across two study regions? Do impacts of environmental changes on Nardus grasslands in Central Europe correspond to those identified in the European Atlantic biogeographic region?
Location
East Hesse Highlands, Germany.
Methods
In 2012–2015, we re‐surveyed quasi‐permanent plots that had been initially surveyed ...
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Exploiting ferroelectric and ferroelastic effects in piezoelectric energy harvesting: theoretical studies and parameter optimization
(2021-02-18)
While piezoelectric energy harvesting typically focuses on converting mechanical into electrical energy on the basis of the linear reversible piezoelectric effect, the potential of exploiting the non-linear ferroelectric effect is investigated theoretically in this paper. Due to its dissipative nature, domain switching, on the one hand, is basically avoided in order to prevent mechanical energy from being converted into heat. However, the electrical output, on the other hand, is augmented due to the increased change ...
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Articulating Body, Territory, and the Defence of Life: The Politics of Strategic Equivalencing between Women in Anti‐Mining Movements and the Feminist Movement in Peru
(2020-09-16)
In Latin America, rural and indigenous women have mobilised in defence of their territories and built strategic alliances with urban and mestiza feminist movements. This paper focuses on how these processes have played out in Peru, tracing the development of the discourse on ‘body as territory’, which articulates sexual and reproductive rights with territorial autonomy. It discusses the ‘cosmopolitics’ of translating the distinct concerns and worldviews of the women involved, arguing that this discourse has enabled ...
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First-Order Shape Derivative of the Energy for Elastic Plates with Rigid Inclusions and Interfacial Cracks
(2020-11-16)
Within the framework of Kirchhoff–Love plate theory, we analyze a variational model for elastic plates with rigid inclusions and interfacial cracks. The main feature of the model is a fully coupled nonpenetration condition that involves both the normal component of the longitudinal displacements and the normal derivative of the transverse deflection of the crack faces. Without making any artificial assumptions on the crack geometry and shape variation, we prove that the first-order shape derivative of the potential ...
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The timber footprint of the German bioeconomy - state of the art and past development
(2021-04-01)
The article gives a comprehensive overview of the roundwood equivalents (RE) consumed in the German bioeconomy from Germany and abroad between 1995 and 2015, i.e., the Timber Footprint of final Consumption (TFPcon). The calculation is based on an adapted version of Exiobase 3.4. The sustainability of roundwood procurement for the TFPcon is assessed. A systematic embedding of the tree compartments considered in the TFP in the context of national forest inventories and material flow analysis is presented. The results ...
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Performance of field-scale lab vs in situ visible/near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy for estimation of soil properties
(2021-10-10)
Comparison of laboratory versus in situ visible/near- (visNIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy for prediction of various soil properties is required to demonstrate trade-offs between accuracy and efficiency. Field measurements were made on an arable field in Germany (silt loam Haplic Luvisol) using visNIR (ASD FieldSpec 3 Hi-Res) and MIR (Agilent Technologies 4300 Handheld FTIR) and material was collected for lab visNIR (Foss XDS Rapid Content Analyzer) and MIR (Bruker-TENSOR 27) measurements on dried and ground ...
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Simultaneous impact modified and chain extended glass fiber reinforced poly(lactic acid) composites: Mechanical, thermal, crystallization, and dynamic mechanical performance
(2021-02-05)
Herein, glass fiber (GF) reinforced binary, ternary, and quaternary poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites were prepared. Toughening, and chain extension of PLA was achieved through the incorporation of impact modifier and chain extender and their concurrent effects on the spectroscopic, crystallization, mechanical, thermal, and thermomechanical properties of the composites were investigated. High mechanical properties of GF influenced the mechanical performance of the composites. However, GF alone could not restrict the ...
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Polarization Dependent Photoinduced Supramolecular Chirality in High-Performance Azo Materials
(2021-05-11)
Here, we will show photo-induced supramolecular chirality in thin films of achiral amorphous polymers with azo groups in their side-chain. A matter of particular interest is the effect of various film thicknesses on azimuthal rotation and ellipticity of incident/transmitted polarized light. Furthermore, we investigated the temporal stability of inscribed chirality. By polarimetric measurements, we found out that the azimuthal rotation gets higher with layer thickness. In this scope, we were able to measure a very ...
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A Stable N-Heterocyclic Silylene with a 1,1′-Ferrocenediyl Backbone
(2020-10-15)
The N-heterocyclic silylene [{Fe(η⁵-C₅H4-NDipp)₂}Si] (1DippSi, Dipp=2,6-diisopropylphenyl) shows an excellent combination of pronounced thermal stability and high reactivity towards small molecules. It reacts readily with CO₂ and N₂O, respectively affording (1DippSiO₂)₂C and (1DippSiO)₂ as follow-up products of the silanone 1DippSiO. Its reactions with H₂O, NH₃, and FcPH₂ (Fc=ferrocenyl) furnish the respective oxidative addition products 1DippSi(H)X (X=OH, NH₂, PHFc). Its reaction with H₃BNH₃ unexpectedly results in ...