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Ammonium fertilization increases pearl millet yield by promoting early root growth, higher tillering, and water use during grain filling in a low P Sahelian soil
(2020-12-01)
Background: Adaptation of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] to low soil phosphorus (P) at early seedling stages and efficient P fertilizer application are crucial for its survival in the West African Sahel. While addition of NH+4-N to P in the microdose technique has been reported to stimulate early growth of pearl millet, there is little information regarding root length (RL) at different timings.
Aims: Our study aimed at assessing the effects of added NH+4-N and NO−3-Nto P on (1) pearl millet agronomic ...
Aufsatz
Diversity of Trametes (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) in tropical Benin and description of new species Trametes parvispora
(2020-03-10)
Trametes is a globally distributed genus of white-rot polypores and well sampled in temperate and boreal areas. However, the diversity, taxonomy, and phylogenetic positions of Trametes spp. are poorly known in tropical Africa. This study aims at documenting the diversity of Trametes species in Benin (tropical Africa) and their phylogenetic positions with a focus on the T. elegans species complex. Therefore, we collected specimens of Trametes from different forest types across Benin. To infer phylogenetic relationships ...
Aufsatz
Summer aridity rather than management shapes fitness‐related functional traits of the threatened mountain plant Arnica montana
(2020-05-08)
Semi‐natural mountain grasslands are increasingly exposed to environmental stress under climate change. However, which are the environmental factors that limit plants in these grasslands? Also, is the present management effective against these changes? Fitness‐related functional traits may offer a way to detect changes in performance and provide new insights into their vulnerability to climate change. We investigated changes in performance and variability of functional traits of the mountain grassland target species ...
Aufsatz
Long‐term vegetation changes in Nardus grasslands indicate eutrophication, recovery from acidification, and management change as the main drivers
(2020-07-08)
Questions
Which trends and patterns of community change occurred in Nardus grasslands over recent decades in parts of the Continental biogeographic region of Germany? Are patterns and trends consistent across two study regions? Do impacts of environmental changes on Nardus grasslands in Central Europe correspond to those identified in the European Atlantic biogeographic region?
Location
East Hesse Highlands, Germany.
Methods
In 2012–2015, we re‐surveyed quasi‐permanent plots that had been initially surveyed ...
Aufsatz
Influence of pre-drying storage time on essential oil components in dried hops (Humulus lupulus L.)
(2020-10-15)
BACKGROUND
It is well known that duration of pre-drying storage impacts on hop quality. However, little knowledge exists regarding its actual effects on valuable hop components. To investigate these effects, fresh hop cones were stored for 5 or 24 h and dried for 210 min at 65 °C thereafter. Furthermore, to understand the effect of freezing hop cones on the essential oil content, both fresh and stored samples were frozen before and after drying.
RESULTS
The results from gas chromatography analysis show an increase ...
Aufsatz
Biomass Performance and Competition Effects in an Established Temperate Agroforestry System of Willow and Grassland—Results of the 2nd Rotation
(2020-11-19)
Agroforestry systems (AFSs) are promoted as environmentally friendly and climate-change-resilient cultivation systems with the potential of increasing ecosystem services. Especially under temperate climatic conditions, the implementation in agricultural practice is low so far, inter alia due to the lack of knowledge regarding longer-term effects of such systems. This study investigated biomass yields and crop development during the second rotation of an alley cropping system with willows (clone “Tordis” ((Salix ...
Aufsatz
Soil–climate contribution to DNDC model uncertainty in simulating biomass accumulation under urban vegetable production on a Petroplinthic Cambisol in Tamale, Ghana
(2020-03-24)
Crop yield simulation using the Denitrification–Decomposition (DNDC) model can help to understand key bottlenecks for improved nitrogen (N) use efficiency and estimate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in West African urban vegetable production. The DNDC model was successfully calibrated using high‐resolution weather records, information on management practices and soils, and measured biomass accumulation and N uptake by amaranth (Amaranthus L.), jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), and ...
Aufsatz
Exploring land-use histories of tree-crop landscapes: a cross-site comparison in the Mediterranean Basin
(2020-05-02)
Agroforestry landscapes in the Mediterranean Basin have emerged in a co-evolution between humans and nature and provide numerous ecosystem services to society. Tree crops are iconic elements of these landscapes and have frequently been managed in a sustainable way over centuries, shaping multifunctional landscapes and local people’s cultural identities. However, many Mediterranean tree-crop landscapes are undergoing substantial land-use changes, threatening important ecosystem services as a result. The overarching ...
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Sphaeropsis sapinea and fungal endophyte diversity in twigs of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in Germany
(2020-09-03)
Sphaeropsis sapinea is the causal fungal agent of Diplodia tip blight disease of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and other coniferous trees of relevance to forestry in Germany. In this study, the distribution and occurrence of S. sapinea and accompanying endophytic fungi in twigs of healthy and diseased Scots pine was investigated on a spatial and temporal scale. Sampling of 26,000 twig segments from trees in 105 temperate coniferous forest stands in Germany resulted in isolation of 33,000 endophytic fungi consisting ...
Aufsatz
Remote sensing data fusion as a tool for biomass prediction in extensive grasslands invaded by L. polyphyllus
(2020-09-30)
Remote sensing data fusion is a powerful tool to gain information of quantitative and qualitative vegetation properties on field level. The aim of this study was to develop prediction models from sensor data fusion for fresh and dry matter yield (FMY/DMY) in extensively managed grasslands with variable degree of invasion by Lupinus polyphyllus. Therefore, a terrestrial 3d laser scanner (TLS) and a drone-based hyperspectral camera was used to collect high resolution 3d point clouds and hyperspectral aerial orthomosaics ...